铜/不锈钢爆炸焊界面组织及性能  

Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of copper/stainless steel fabricated by explosive welding

作　　者：姜超 龙伟民 冯健 张雷 张硕 Jiang Chao;Long Weimin;Feng Jian;Zhang Lei;Zhang Shuo(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology,Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,Zhengjiang,China;China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315700,Zhejiang,China;Wugang Shenzhou Heavy Industry Clad Metal Materials Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan 462500,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司,新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室,郑州450001 [2]中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司,浙江宁波315700 [3]舞钢神州重工金属复合材料有限公司,河南平顶山462500

出　　处：《焊接》2021年第9期22-27,62,共7页Welding & Joining

基　　金：郑州市重大科技创新专项(2020CXZX0060)。

摘　　要：采用通过经验公式估算的焊接工艺参数制备了T2紫铜/06Cr19Ni10不锈钢爆炸焊复合板。通过金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱扫描仪等分析方法并结合力学性能试验,研究了爆炸焊复合板的界面组织与性能。研究发现紫铜与不锈钢爆炸焊后形成了规律的波状界面,界面主要为固相结合,波峰与波谷区域分别嵌入了不连续的漩涡状铸态组织,该组织主要由ε-Cu,γ-Fe及不锈钢微粒组成;爆炸焊后,界面附近不锈钢组织中形成了绝热剪切带,奥氏体不锈钢发生了马氏体转变。紫铜组织中能够观察到退火和再结晶现象;界面的结合强度达280.3 MPa,且界面附近组织的显微硬度明显得到了提高;复合板的最大抗拉强度为561 MPa,界面结合区断口观察到混合断裂特征,而漩涡状铸态组织的存在未对拉伸断裂失效产生明显的影响。T2 copper/06 Cr19 Ni10 stainless steel explosive welding clad plate was fabricated with welding parameters estimated by empirical formula. Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of copper/stainless steel clad plate were studied through optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy spectrum scanner, and mechanical test. It was founded that a regular wavy interface formed between copper and stainless steel after explosive welding. The interface was mainly solid-solid joining, and the discontinuous vortex-like cast microstructure was embedded in the wave peak and trough regions respectively. The microstructure was mainly composed of an ε-Cu matrix, γ-Fe precipitated phase, and stainless steel particles. Adiabatic shear band and austenite transformation were found in the microstructure of stainless steel after explosive welding. Annealing and recrystallization were observed in copper. Interfacial bonding strength was 280. 3 MPa and microhardness of the microstructure near the interface was significantly improved. The maximum tensile strength of the clad plate was 561 MPa, mixed fracture characteristics were observed on the fracture of the bonding area, and the vortex microstructure defects had no obvious effect on the tensile fracture failure.

关 键 词：爆炸焊 微观组织 力学性能 紫铜 不锈钢 

分 类 号：TG456.6[金属学及工艺—焊接]