社区营造视角下的乡土建筑遗产活化模式  

Activation Model of Rural Architectural Heritage from the Perspective of Community Building

作　　者：邓毅[1] 毛锐 蔡凌 DENG Yi;MAO Rui;CAI Ling

机构地区：[1]广州大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]中南建筑设计院股份有限公司城市不动产研究中心 [3]广东省文物考古研究所古建研究中心

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2021年第11期106-115,共10页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

基　　金：2017年国家社会科学基金项目“侗族木构建筑匠作体系及其传承研究”(编号:17BMZ049)。

摘　　要：快速城镇化背景下,乡土建筑遗产面临着同乡村社区逐渐割裂的困境。随着国家政策引导,乡村社区化逐渐成为我国现阶段城乡统筹发展的趋势。文章梳理了国内外社区营造视角下建筑遗产活化的发展历程,论述了社区营造作为建筑遗产活化介入路径的可行性;通过对国内以社区营造为理念的活化案例进行剖析,将活化过程中包括总体策划、组织方式、资源分配方式、资金投入方式、规划设计方式及运营使用方式等一系列实施方法进行归纳,提炼出政府统筹引导型、村民自发组织型、社会组织推进型三种活化模式,并分析对比其运行特征,进而对不同活化模式的组织协调、资金投入、权责分配和教育培养等实践运行机制进行了剖析,明确了规划师和建筑师在具体落实工作中需要侧重的设计策略和实施方法,以期将社区营造理念有效贯彻到活化实践当中。Under the background of rapid urbanization,rural architectural heritage is facing the dilemma of gradual separation from rural communities.With the guidance of national policy,rural community has gradually become the trend of urban and rural overall development in China.The development process of architectural heritage activation from the perspective of community construction at home and abroad is sorted out and the feasibility of community construction as an intervention path of architectural heritage activation is discussed.Through the case of domestic community construction as the concept of activation,the activation process included in the overall planning,organization,resource allocation,capital investment,planning and design methods and operating way of using a series of implementation methods are summarized,such as extracting the government guide the demonstration,the villagers organize,three activation patterns such as push social organization,analysis and comparison of its operation characteristics.Furthermore,the practical operation mechanism of different activation modes,such as organization and coordination,capital investment,power and responsibility distribution,education and training,are analyzed,and the implementation methods and design strategies that planners and architects need to focus on in the specific implementation work are clarified,in order to effectively implement the concept of community building into the activation practice.

关 键 词：乡村社区 社区营造 乡土建筑遗产 活化模式 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]