海洋动物体内氧化三甲胺和甘氨酸甜菜碱的浓度特征及影响因素  

Concentration Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Trimethylamine Oxide and Glycine Betaine in Marine Animals

作　　者：陆长坤 宋若晗 曲克明[2,3] 崔正国 赵婉玉[1,2] 胡清静 毕相东 LU Chang-kun;SONG Ruo-han;QU Ke-ming(College of Fishery,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao,Shandong 266071;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津300392 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第22期18-28,共11页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900500,2019YFD0901401);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41606097);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所级基本科研业务费(20603022020006,2020TD12)。

摘　　要：氧化三甲胺(TMAO)和甜菜碱(GBT)广泛存在于海洋生物体内,它们被降解后产生的有机胺可通过海气交换进入大气中,进而可以促进新粒子生成及增长,具有潜在重要的气候效应。多数研究认为浮游植物体内含有大量的TMAO和GBT,它们是海洋大气中有机胺的主要贡献者。也有研究发现海洋动物体内也含有TMAO和GBT,但它们对大气中有机胺的贡献报道较少。概述了不同类型海洋动物体内TMAO和GBT合成方式及它们降解为有机胺的途径,归纳了不同海洋动物体内TMAO和GBT的浓度分布特征,探讨了影响动物体内TMAO和GBT浓度的因素,剖析了该领域待解决的科学问题,并对今后的研究工作进行了展望,以期为认识海洋环境中有机胺来源及其气候效应提供科学参考。Trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)and Glycine betaine(GBT)are widely present in marine organisms.The organic amines produced after they are degraded can enter the atmosphere through air-sea exchange,which can promote the generation and growth of new particles,which has a potentially important climate effect.Most studies believe that phytoplankton contains a large amount of TMAO and GBT,which are the main contributors to organic amines in the ocean atmosphere.Some studies have found that marine animals also contain TMAO and GBT,but their contribution to organic amines in the atmosphere is rarely reported.This article summarized the synthesis methods of TMAO and GBT in different types of marine animals and their degradation to organic amines,concluded the distribution characteristics of TMAO and GBT in different marine animals,and discussed the factors that affect the concentrations of TMAO and GBT in animals,analyzed scientific problems to be solved in this field,and forecasted future research work,in order to provide a scientific reference for understanding the sources of organic amines in the marine environment and their climate effects.

关 键 词：海洋动物 氧化三甲胺 甘氨酸甜菜碱 浓度 影响因素 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]