温度对樱桃番茄花粉活力及萌发率的影响  

Effects of Temperature on Pollen Viability and Germination of Cherry Tomato

作　　者：罗艳 于琴芝 王先裕[3] 陈鹏[1] 汪茜[1] 唐振权[3] 黄庆岛 LUO Yan;YU Qin-zhi;WANG Xian-yu(College of Agronomy,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004;Guilin Economic Crops Technology Extending Station,Guilin,Guangxi 541100;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Industry Development Institute,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [2]桂林市经济作物技术推广站,广西桂林541100 [3]广西大学农牧产业发展研究院,广西南宁530004 [4]南宁市武鸣区太平镇农林水利综合服务中心,广西南宁530101

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第22期53-58,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西重点研发计划(桂科AB18294013,桂科AB18216002);国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0101902-5);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-25-37)。

摘　　要：为探究外界环境温度对番茄花粉活力及萌发率的影响,以樱桃番茄西大樱粉1号父本YA-4-3-1-8花粉为研究对象,利用红墨水染色法、液体培养基离体萌发法检测花粉活力及萌发率。采用相关分析和回归分析法,分析了最高温度、最低温度、温差对番茄花粉活力及萌发率的影响。结果表明,樱桃番茄花粉的萌发率与最高温度、最低温度和温差均存在极显著的相关性,而活力则与最高温度、温差呈现出极显著相关。花盛开前第2天的最高温度、最低温度和温差对番茄花粉萌发率的影响最大,具有显著的负相关关系;花盛开当天的最高温度、盛开前第2天的最低温度和温差对花粉活力的影响最大。同时,活力与最高温度、温差存在显著负相关性,与最低温度具有显著正相关关系。可见,环境温度的变化会对花粉活力及萌发率受产生不同程度的影响,高温条件下,极易使花粉活力及萌发率下降。此外,花朵盛放前和当天的温度变化,与花粉活力及萌发率的相关性也存在一定的差异。其中,开放前的温度对花粉萌发率的影响更加突出。花粉活力及萌发率不仅只受当天温度的影响,开放前的温度变化也会对其造成显著的影响温度过高或过低都会影响花粉的发育,最终导致番茄产量下降。In order to explore the effects of environmental temperature on pollen vitality and germination rate of tomato,the pollen of male parent YA-4-3-1-8 of cherry tomato Xidayingfen No.1 was taken as the research object,and the pollen vitality and germination rate were detected by red ink staining and in vitro germination of liquid medium.Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the effects of maximum temperature,minimum temperature and temperature difference on pollen vitality and germination rate of tomato.The results showed that the germination rate of cherry tomato pollen was significantly correlated with the maximum temperature,minimum temperature and temperature difference,while the vitality was significantly correlated with the maximum temperature and temperature difference.The highest temperature,the lowest temperature and the temperature difference on the second day before blooming had the greatest influence on the germination rate of tomato pollen,and had a significant negative correlation;The highest temperature on the day of flower blooming,the lowest temperature and temperature difference on the first two days had the greatest influence on pollen vitality.Meanwhile,pollen vitality had a significant negative correlation with the highest temperature and temperature difference,and a significant positive correlation with the lowest temperature.It can be concluded that the change of environmental temperature could affect the pollen vitality and germination rate in different degrees.Under high temperature,the pollen vitality and germination rate were easy to decline.In addition,there were some differences in the correlation between the temperature changes before and on the day of flower blooming and the pollen vitality and germination rate.Among them,the effects of temperature before opening on pollen germination rate was more prominent.Pollen viability and germination rate not only affected by the temperature of the day,but also by the temperature change before opening.Too high or too

关 键 词：樱桃番茄 温度 花粉 活力 萌发率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]