基于多断面水质达标的河网区点面源污染负荷优化分配模型  

Optimal allocation model of point and non-point pollution loads in river network based on water quality standard of multiple control sections

作　　者：陈丽娜[1,2] 韩龙喜 谈俊益[4] 张防修[5] 林囿任[2,3] CHEN Lina;HAN Longxi;TAN Junyi;ZHANG Fangxiu;LIN Youren(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Jiangsu Engineering Consulting Center,Nanjing 210003,China;Sediment Research Department,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学农业科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [4]江苏省工程咨询中心,江苏南京210003 [5]黄河水利科学研究院泥沙研究所,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水资源保护》2021年第6期128-134,141,共8页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0407405);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(B210202117,B200204033)。

摘　　要：从污染物总量控制的核心——污染负荷分配的角度出发,对水系复杂的平原河网区点面源协同影响下污染负荷优化分配方案进行分析。通过引入水质达标保证率概念,将随机分析方法与确定性降雨产流、点面源产污及河网水动力、水质数学模型相结合,基于公平及可行性原则,以满足多控制断面水质达标保证率、点面源环境管控要求及污染治理水平为约束条件,构建了基于多控制断面水质达标保证率的点面源污染负荷优化分配模型。选取太湖某河网区域作为验证区域,区域点面源污染负荷优化分配后,各控制断面氨氮、总磷质量浓度均可达到全年90%水质达标保证率,表明所建模型是合理可行的,能够有效实现区域点面源污染负荷的优化分配,提高区域污染物全局管理效率。From the perspective of pollution load allocation,the key to the total amount control of pollutants,this paper studies the optimal allocation scheme of pollution loads under the synergistic influence of point and non-point sources in the plain river network area with a complex water system.In this study,the concept of water quality compliance rate was introduced,and the random analysis method,combined with the hydrodynamic and water quality mathematical models,was used under the deterministic rainfall runoff and pollution load from point and non-point sources.Following the principles of fairness and feasibility,a non-linear optimal allocation model for point and non-point source pollution loads was developed based on the water quality compliance rate of multiple control sections,with satisfaction of the environmental control requirements of pollution sources and technical parameters of pollution control as constraints and the maximum allowable emissions of pollutants as the objective function.A case study of a river network area in Taihu Lake was conducted to verify the model.After optimal allocation of pollution loads from point and non-point sources in this area,the guarantee rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations in each control section to attain the water quality standard could reach 90%over the whole year.Results show that the proposed model can effectively realize the optimal allocation of pollution loads from point and non-point sources in the plain river network area,and improve the global management efficiency of regional pollutants.

关 键 词：污染负荷分配 污染物总量控制 多控制断面 平原河网 点面源 保证率 太湖 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]