鱼类IRF家族在干扰素抗病毒免疫反应中的调控功能  

IRF-mediated regulation of IFN antiviral response in fish

作　　者：赵祥 张义兵[1,2,3,4] ZHAO Xiang;ZHANG Yibing(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The Innovation Academy of Seed Design,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态和生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院种子创新研究院,湖北武汉430072 [4]中国科学院水生生物研究所,农业农村部淡水养殖病害防治重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第9期1592-1604,共13页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA24010308);国家自然科学基金(31772875,31972826)。

摘　　要：干扰素调节因子(IRF)家族成员是一类重要的转录因子,在机体细胞感染病毒时单独或共同调控干扰素基因(IFN)的表达。IRF家族蛋白结构非常保守。其中N端DBD结构域赋予了IRF蛋白结合IFN启动子的功能,而C端IAD主要介导蛋白互作,因而不同IRF成员可能在不同的信号通路中发挥功能。哺乳动物IRF家族有9个成员,IRF1~9。鱼类IRF家族有11个成员,除了IRF1~9外,还包括硬骨鱼类特有的IRF11,以及在鸟类基因组中也存在的IRF10。哺乳类研究表明,IRF1/3/5/7/9在病毒感染的细胞中正调控IFN基因的表达,而IRF2则负调控IFN的表达。近十多年来,鱼类IRF家族的功能研究取得了重要进展,相关研究结论基本来自于体外的实验数据。本文综述了鱼类IRF家族成员的表达、亚细胞定位以及调控IFN抗病毒免疫反应的分子机制。Members of the interferon regulatory factor(IRF) family are essential transcription factors that regulate the expression of IFN genes individually and collectively in viral-infected cells. IRF family proteins are structurally conserved. The N-terminal DBD domain endows IRF proteins with the binding affinity to IFN gene promoter DNAs, while the C-terminal IAD domains mediate protein-protein interaction, e. g. interaction with other IRFs or transcription factors from other families, leading to functional specificity and diversity of IRF proteins. That is,when a given cell type is infected with a given type of virus, different signaling pathways will be triggered, where different IRF members are activated to turn on the transcription of different IFN genes. Mammalian IRF family includes 9 members, IRF1-9, and a total of 11 members are identified in fish IRF family. In addition to IRF1~9,fish genomes possess teleost-specific IRF11, and IRF10, which also exists in bird genomes. As a transcription factor, IRF proteins have to enter cellular nucleus first, followed by initiation of IFN gene transcription. In mammals, accumulated evidence has shown that IRF1/3/5/7/9, although localized to cytoplasm or nucleus in resting cells, positively regulate the transcription of IFN genes upon virus infection, but IRF2 exerts a negative role. In the past two decades, significant progresses have been made on molecular cloning, expression characterization and function analyses of fish IRF family genes, although these conclusions are often drawn from different fish species or different experiment systems. It is noted that only in vitro data have been acquired, and future work needs to focus on in vivo studies regarding the physiological function of fish IRF members. This review summarizes the recent mechanism research progresses on expression characterization, subcellular localization and molecular regulation of fish IRF family genes during IFN antiviral immune response.

关 键 词：干扰素调节因子(IRF) 表达特性 亚细胞定位 转录调控 IFN抗病毒反应 

分 类 号：S942[农业科学—水产养殖]