社会自我论:化解自我碎片化疑难的一种新尝试  

Social Self Theory:A New Attempt to Resolve the Difficulties of Self Fragmentation

作　　者：张文龙 高新民[1] ZHANG Wen-long;GAO Xin-min(Center for the Study of Mind and Cognition,Central China Normal University,Wuhan Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心灵与认知研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2021年第6期46-53,共8页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“人格同一性理论最新发展研究”(编号:18BZX113);教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目“意向性与人工智能建模基础问题研究”(编号:20YJA720003)。

摘　　要：自我的实在性及其同一性由于无我论的冲击和碎片化的发现而陷入了深刻的危机。随着心灵哲学、认知科学和伦理学等学科的介入,本领域尽管不断上演解构与重构的双重变奏,但认识的进步也是显而易见的,即涌现出了许多富有特色的理论形态,如最低限度自我论、珍珠串自我论,等等。社会自我论也是为拯救自我同一性的危机而诞生的极有个性的理论。它反对传统的把人看作个体、只关注其心理生活而忽视社会维度的研究方法,反对从心理能力的角度定义自我,强调自我对社会的依赖性,强调心理学与社会学在自我研究中的携手。认为如果说人身上有自我的话,那么它不是传统哲学和常识所说的小人式的、单子式的自我,而是社会性自我。这不仅是一种关于自我的新奇的构想,而且是一种反传统的值得认真研究的心灵观。The reality of self and its identity have fallen into a deep crisis due to the impact of the non-selfism and the discovery of self-fragmentation.With the intervention of philosophy of mind,cognitive science,ethics and other disciplines,although the double variation of deconstruction and reconstruction is constantly performing in this field,the progress in understanding is also obvious,such as the minimalist self theory,the pearl-string self theory,and so on.Social self theory is also a very individualistic theory born to the rescue of the crisis of self identity.It is against the traditional research methods that regard people as individuals and only pay attention to their psychological life while neglecting the social dimension.It is opposed to defining the self in terms of psychological abilities,but emphasizes its dependence on the society,and emphasizes the combination of psychology and sociology in self research.It believes that the self in human body(if any)is not a homunculus self or a monadic self as referred to in traditional philosophy and common sense,but a social self.This is not only a novel conception of self,but also an abnormal and anti-traditional view of the mind worthy of serious study.

关 键 词：自我 碎片化 社会性自我 心灵哲学 

分 类 号：B15[哲学宗教—世界哲学]