无机非金属人工骨修复材料的体内应用  

Application of inorganic nonmetallic artificial bone materials in vivo

作　　者：韦章澳 徐凌寒 吴子辰 汤皓 陈佳龙[1] Wei Zhangao;Xu Linghan;Wu Zichen;Tang Hao;Chen Jialong(Stomatologic Hospital&College,Anhui Medical University,Teaching and Research Section of Dental Materials,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research,Hefei 230032,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院口腔材料教研室,口腔疾病研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽省合肥市230032

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2022年第16期2584-2589,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31670967),项目负责人:陈佳龙;安徽省转化医学研究院科研基金(2017zhyx19),项目负责人:陈佳龙;安徽省高等学校省级质量工程项目(2016jyxm0508,2019jyxm0138),项目负责人:陈佳龙;安徽省高校优秀青年人才支持计划(gxyq2018007),项目负责人:陈佳龙。

摘　　要：背景:自体骨来源有限,异体骨存在疾病传播、免疫排斥等风险,导致人工骨在骨缺损治疗中的使用越来越广泛,无机非金属人工骨由于良好的生物活性被重点关注。目的:综述近年来无机非金属人工骨修复骨缺损的体内研究进展,展望该类材料发展方向。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索Pub Med (2015-2020年)、CNKI(2013-2020年)数据库中关于骨修复材料的文章,检索关键词为"骨修复材料、生物活性陶瓷、骨水泥、骨缺损、人工骨"或"bone repair material、bioceramics、bone cement、bone defect、artificial bone",共检索到文献5 420篇,选择与生物活性陶瓷和骨水泥有关的文献,根据纳入和排除标准最终纳入46篇进行综述。结果与结论:目前无机非金属人工骨主要包括生物活性陶瓷和骨水泥,均具有良好的骨传导性、骨诱导性和生物活性,但这些材料单独使用时机械性能不佳、降解性较差。通过添加生物活性材料模拟天然骨成分、摸索加工工艺优化材料微观结构、改性表面提高成骨活性等方式,可以制备出机械性能更好、降解速率更匹配、生物相容性优异的复合人工骨。不同部位骨的特点差别较大,对材料的性能要求不同,故复合人工骨仍需大量体内研究评估其对不同部位骨缺损的治疗效果。BACKGROUND: The source of autologous bone is limited, and there are the risk of disease transmission and immune rejection of allogeneic bone. As a result, artificial bone is used more and more widely in the treatment of bone defects. Inorganic nonmetal artificial bone has been paid more attention due to its good biological activity. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of inorganic nonmetallic artificial bone in vivo to repair bone defects in recent years, and look forward to the development direction of this kind of materials.METHODS: The first author used computer to search articles on bone repair materials in PubMed(2015-2020), CNKI(2013-2020). The keywords were "bone repair materials, bioactive ceramics, bone cement, bone defect, artificial bone" in Chinese and English. Totally 5 420 articles were retrieved, and the articles related to the bioactive ceramics and bone cement were eventually included. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, inorganic nonmetallic artificial bone materials include bioactive ceramics and bone cement with good osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity and biological activity. However, these materials have poor mechanical properties and poor biodegradability when used alone. By mixing different bioactive materials to simulate natural bone components, exploring processing techniques to optimize the material microstructure, and modifying the surface to improve osteogenic activity, composite artificial bones with better mechanical properties, better degradation rates, and excellent biocompatibility can be prepared. The characteristics of different parts of the bone are quite different, and the performance requirements of the materials are different, so a large number of in vivo studies are still needed to evaluate the effect of composite artificial bone on the treatment of different parts of bone defects.

关 键 词：无机非金属人工骨 骨修复材料 生物活性陶瓷 骨水泥 骨缺损 人工骨 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学]