施氮时期对采收期葡萄器官矿质元素含量的影响  

Effect of nitrogen application period on mineral element content in grape organs at harvest

作　　者：马宗桓 吴茂东 李文芳 毛娟 牟德生 郭艳兰 贾进 陈佰鸿 MA Zonghuan;WU Maodong;LI Wenfang;MAO Juan;MU Desheng;GUO Yanlan;JIA Jin;CHEN Baihong(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Wuwei Academy of Forestry Science,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China;Gansu Chateau Hongqiao Wine Co.Ltd,Zhangye 734200,CHina)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]武威市林业科学研究院,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃红桥庄园葡萄酒有限公司,甘肃张掖734200

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第5期47-54,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃农业大学公招博士科研启动基金项目(GAU-KYQD-2019-18);甘肃农业大学伏羲英才项目(GAUfx-04Y05);甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA006);甘肃省创新基地与人才计划项目(18JR2TH001);国家自然科学基金项目(32160685).

摘　　要：【目的】明确施氮时期对酿酒葡萄采收期各器官矿质元素积累的影响.【方法】以黑比诺为研究对象,分别在萌芽期(S_(1))、新梢生长旺期(S_(2))、果实膨大期(S_(3))和转色期(S_(4))一次性施入尿素300 kg/hm^(2),采收期全株解析后测定各器官矿质元素含量.【结果】S_(2)处理显著增加了全株N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn、B和Mn含量,其含量分别为31.71 g、277.62 mg、6340.09 mg、24123.76 mg、7033.19 mg、75.64 mg、364.16 mg、197.68 mg、359.93 mg和66.09 mg,而该处理下多年生枝中N、K、Fe、Mn、Zn和B积累量相比其他处理明显下降;S_(4)处理提高了果实中N、P、K、Ca、Cu、Fe和Zn的含量,S_(3)处理对多年生枝中P、Ca、Cu、Fe,根中Ca、Mn,果实中Mn、B的积累具有显著的促进作用;S_(1)处理N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn单株年平均积累量显著降低,但显著提高了主干中Ca、多年生枝和根中B的含量.【结论】新植生长旺期(S_(2))一次性施入尿素300 kg/hm^(2)有利于各器官和全株矿质元素的积累.【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the effect of nitrogen application period on the distribution and accumulation of mineral elements in different organs of wine grape at harvest.【Method】‘Pinot Noir’was employed as the materials,and fertilized with urea(300 kg/hm^(2))at germination stage(S 1),peak shoot growth stage(S 2),fruit expansion stage(S 3)and color transformation stage(S 4),respectively.【Result】The results showed that S 2 treatment significantly increased the contents of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Zn,B and Mn in the whole plant,of which the average annual accumulation per plant was 31.71 g,277.62 mg,6340.09 mg,24123.76 mg,7033.19 mg,75.64 mg,364.16 mg,197.68 mg,359.93 mg and 66.09 mg,respectively.And for the treatment(S 2),the accumulation of N,K,Fe,Mn,Zn and B in perennial branches significantly declined compared with other treatments.S 4 treatment significantly increased the content of N,P,K,Ca,Cu,Fe and Zn in fruits.For S 3 treatment,the accumulation of P,Ca,Cu and Fe in perennial branches,Ca and Mn in roots,and Mn and B in fruits increased significantly.S 1 treatment decreased the annual average accumulation of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn in individuals,while significantly increased Ca content in the trunk,and B content in the perennial branches and roots.【Conclusion】S 2 treatment was beneficial to the accumulation of mineral elements in all organs and the whole plant.

关 键 词：葡萄 施氮时期 器官 采收期 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]