甘肃省庆阳市辣椒镰孢菌根腐病病原鉴定及生物学特性  

Pathogen identification and biological characteristics of Fusarium root rot of pepper in Qingyang of Gansu Province

作　　者：连芸芸 李焕宇 李惠霞 姜伟 李金鸿 石明明 韩变 LIAN Yunyun;LI Huanyu;LI Huixia;JIANG Wei;LI Jinhong;SHI Mingming;HAN Bian(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2021年第5期55-61,68,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960009).

摘　　要：【目的】明确甘肃省庆阳市辣椒镰孢菌根腐病的病原菌组成及生物学特性.【方法】采用改良平皿法测定致病性,结合病原菌形态特征和TEF-1α基因序列分析鉴定病原菌并测定不同培养温度、光照、碳源和氮源对病原菌生长和产孢的影响.【结果】病原菌鉴定为尖孢镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和茄镰孢菌(F.solani).尖孢镰孢菌生长和产孢的最适温度为25℃,全光照培养时促进病原菌产孢,生长和产孢的最适碳源分别是淀粉和蔗糖,蛋白胨是菌丝生长和产孢的最适氮源.茄镰孢菌生长和产孢最适温度均为30℃,全黑暗环境促进病原菌生长和产孢,病原菌菌丝生长时对淀粉利用率高,产孢时对蔗糖利用高,蛋白胨是生长的最适氮源,硝酸铵是产孢的最适氮源.【结论】引起甘肃省庆阳地区辣椒镰孢菌根腐病的病原菌为尖孢镰孢菌(F.oxysporum)和茄镰孢菌(F.solani),这2种病原菌生长和产孢所要求的温度、光照、碳源和氮源条件存在差异.【Objective】To identify pathogens causing Fusarium root rot of pepper in Qingyang of Gansu Province and test biological characteristics of pathogens.【Method】Pathogenicity of fungal strains for testing was determined using the modified culture plate method.Pathogens were identified in combination of morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of partial translation elongation factor TEF-1αgene.Effects of different cultural temperatures,light,carbon sources and nitrogen sources on the pathogens were tested.【Result】The pathogens were identified as Fusarium oxysporum and F.solani.The optimal cultural temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of F.oxysporum was 25℃.Mycelial growth of F.oxysporum has no significant differences under different light treatment,but sporulation was highest under full light treatment.The optimal carbon source for mycelial growth and sporulation of F.oxysporum was starch and sucrose,respectively.Peptone was the best nitrogen sources for mycelial growth of F.oxysporum.The optimum cultural temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation of F.solani was 30℃.Full darkness was best for both mycelial growth and sporulation of F.solani,which grew well using starch and sporulated best using sucrose.Peptone and NH_(4)NO_(3) were the best nitrogen source for mycelial growth and sporulation of F.solani,respectively.【Conclusion】Both F.oxysporum and F.solani cause Furarium root rot of pepper in Qingyang of Gansu Province.They have different requirements of temperatures,light,carbon sources and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth and sporulation.

关 键 词：辣椒根腐病 镰孢菌属 病原鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.478[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]