广西壮族自治区隆安县重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗接种后12-24年免疫效果  

Immune persistence 12-24 years after vaccination with recombinant yeast-based hepatitis B vaccine in Long’an county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：农秋锋[1] 李嘉铃 方孔雄[1] 陆德沛 林素琴[1] 苏永健 李海 Nong Qiufeng;Li Jialing;Fang Kongxiong;Lu Depei;Lin Suqin;Su Yongjian;Li Hai(Long’an County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Long’an 532799,Guangxi,China;Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health and Management,Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]隆安县疾病预防控制中心,广西隆安532799 [2]广西中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院流行病学教研室,广西南宁530200

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第5期496-500,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81760604);“十三·五”国家科技重大专项“艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治”专项课题(2018ZX10721-202-002-002);广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划资助项目(YCSZ2020020、YCXJ2021030)。

摘　　要：目的评价重组酵母乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)的长期免疫效果。方法采用横断面调查方法抽取广西隆安县1996-2008年出生且按免疫程序完成3剂次重组酵母HepB接种的人群,采集血清标本,采用化学发光微粒子免疫试验检测乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)和乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb),分析血清流行率和HepB对HBsAg携带的保护效果(VE)。结果在1614名研究对象中HBsAg、HBsAb阳性率分别为1.12%、29.86%。1996-1999年、2000-2003年、2004-2008年出生人群HBsAg阳性率分别为3.18%、1.53%、0.46%(趋势χ^(2)=10.18,P=0.001),HBsAb阳性率分别为35.03%、26.87%、30.96%(趋势χ^(2)=0.02,P=0.911)。与隆安县实施HepB接种前≥20岁人群相比,HepB免疫后12-24年对HBsAg携带的总VE(95%CI)为93.74(90.07-96.12)%;在1996-1999年、2000-2003年、2004-2008年出生人群中分别为82.23(57.74-92.56)%、91.45(83.58-95.58)%、97.43(93.15-99.04)%。结论重组酵母HepB免疫后12-24年HBsAb水平未发生明显变化;需进一步开展HepB免疫效果和青少年加强免疫研究。Objective To evaluate persistence of immunity 12-24 years after vaccination with a recombinant yeast-based hepatitis B vaccine(HepB).Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of individuals born during 1996-2008 in Long'an county of Guangxi who had received 3 doses of recombinant yeast-based HepB in accordance with the routine vaccination schedule.We collected serum samples and used a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay to test for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb).We analyzed sero-prevalences and estimated vaccine effectiveness(VE)against becoming HBsAg positive.Results HBsAg and HBsAb positivity rate among the 1614 subjects were 1.12%and 29.86%,respectively.HBsAg positivity rates among subjects born during 1996-1999,2000-2003,and 2004-2008 were 3.18%,1.53%,and 0.46%(trendχ^(2)=10.18,P=0.001),and HBsAb positivity rates were 35.03%,26.87%,and 30.96%(trendχ^(2)=0.02,P=0.911).Comparing the three birth cohort groups with≥20-year-old individuals who were born before HepB vaccination was introduced in Long'an yielded an overall VE(95%CI)estimate against becoming HBsAg positive 12-24 years after HepB vaccination of 93.74%(90.07%-96.12%),and cohort-specific estimates of 82.23%(57.74%-92.56%),91.45%(83.58%-95.58%),and 97.43%(93.15%-99.04%)for the 1996-1999,2000-2003,and 2004-2008 cohorts,respectively.Conclusions HBsAb prevalence had no significant change in the 12-24 years after vaccination with recombinant yeast-based HepB.We need further studies of HepB immune effect and booster vaccination for adolescents.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 乙型肝炎病毒 乙型肝炎血清标志物 血清流行率 保护效果 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]