宁波市江北区2-18月龄儿童疫苗同时接种的影响因素  

Factors influencing simultaneous vaccination among children aged 2-18 months in Jiangbei district of Ningbo city

作　　者：李萍萍[1] 孙瑾 赵凤敏[1] 叶莉霞[3] Li Pingping;Sun Jin;Zhao Fengmin;Ye Lixia(Jiangbei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo 315020,Zhejiang,China;Jiangbei District Maternity Hospital,Ningbo 315020,Zhejiang,China;Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo 315000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市江北区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315020 [2]江北区妇保院,浙江宁波315020 [3]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2021年第5期560-565,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：浙江省预防医学会软课题研究项目(YF2020-03)。

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市江北区2-18月龄儿童疫苗同时接种的影响因素。方法通过宁波市免疫规划信息系统,采用整群和分层随机抽样方法选取江北区2017年1月至2019年6月出生儿童开展问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析儿童疫苗同时接种的影响因素。结果在720名调查儿童中,单独接种、2种和≥3种疫苗同时接种分别占6.81%、52.22%和40.97%。多因素分析显示,有既往病史、母亲年龄大的儿童2种和3种疫苗同时接种的比例小[OR(95%CI):0.32(0.16-0.64)、0.25(0.12-0.49);0.27(0.13-0.56)、0.34(0.17-0.71)];监护人认为同时接种必要、接种门诊安排同时接种的儿童2种和3种疫苗同时接种的比例大[OR(95%CI):4.76(1.60-14.16)、4.23(1.98-9.04);11.32(3.54-36.24)、5.19(2.24-12.04)];门诊接种量大、接种人员认同同时接种的儿童3种疫苗同时接种的比例大[OR(95%CI):31.31(4.05-241.95)、82.16(7.82-862.92)]。结论研究地区儿童疫苗同时接种主要受儿童既往病史、接种人员和监护人对同时接种态度等因素的影响;建议制定儿童疫苗同时接种的具体指导意见。Objective To explore factors influencing simultaneous vaccination among 2-18-month-old children in Jiangbei district of Ningbo city.Methods We used cluster and stratified random sampling method to enroll children born between January 2017 and June 2019 in Jiangbei identified in the Ningbo Immunization Program Information System.We conducted a questionnaire-based survey and identified factors influencing simultaneous vaccination by multivariate logistic regression.Results Among 720 children,6.81%,52.22%,and 40.97%received one vaccination,simultaneous vaccination with 2 vaccines,and simultaneous vaccination with≥3 vaccines,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that children who had a history of medical problems and whose mothers were older were less likely to receive simultaneous vaccination with 2 or≥3 vaccines[OR(95%CI):0.32(0.16-0.64)and 0.25(0.12-0.49);0.27(0.13-0.56)and 0.34(0.17-0.71)].Children whose guardians believed simultaneous vaccination necessary and whose guardians accepted arrangements by vaccination clinics were more likely to receive simultaneous vaccination with 2 or≥3 vaccines[OR(95%CI):4.76(1.60-14.16)and 4.23(1.98-9.04);11.32(3.54-36.24)and 5.19(2.24-12.04)].Children were likely to receive simultaneous vaccination with≥3 vaccines when vaccination clinics had a large capacity and when vaccinators accepted simultaneous vaccination[OR(95%CI):31.31(4.05-241.95)and 82.16(7.82-862.92)].Conclusions Simultaneous vaccination was influenced by past medical histories of children and attitudes of vaccinators and guardians in the study areas.We recommend formulating guidelines for simultaneous vaccination with childhood vaccines.

关 键 词：疫苗 同时接种 影响因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]