探讨维持性血液透析患者应用人造血管内瘘的护理措施和护理效果  

Discussion on Nursing Measures and Nursing Effects of Artificial Vascular Fistula in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

作　　者：黄秀碧 张亚真 蔡小萍 HUANG Xiubi;ZHANG Yazhen;CAI Xiaoping(Blood Purification Room,Zhangzhou Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Zhangzhou,Fujian Province,363000 China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属漳州市医院血液净化室,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2021年第25期109-111,115,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的探讨维持性血液透析患者使用人造血管内瘘护理措施以及护理质量。方法该次研究方便选取该院2018年1月—2020年11月收治的55例维持性血液透析患者展开研究,对其实施细节化护理模式,观察55例患者护理前后的生活质量评分(SF-36)、自我护理能力评分(ESCA)、焦虑、抑郁自评量表评分情况,并调查55例患者护理后人造血管内瘘阻塞发生率、并发症发生率。结果尽管55例维持性血液透析患者护理后出现了不良情况(1例内瘘阻塞,2例血肿),不良情况发生率为5.45%,但是相对较低。相较于护理前的生活质量评分、自我护理评分均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与护理前对比,护理后55例维持性血液透析患者的SAS评分(51.30±1.01)分、SDS评分(50.11±2.48)分明显降低,差异有统计学意义(t=15.146、16.515,P<0.05)。结论对维持性血液透析患者采取人造血管内瘘治疗的同时,应用细节化护理模式,能够明显提高患者生活质量,改善患者心理压力,有助于顺利完成透析治疗,并积极降低患者不良反应发生率。Objective To inrestigate the nursing measures and quality of using human hematopoietic fistula in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods The study conveniently selected 55 maintenance hemodialysis patients admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to November 2020 to carry out the study,and implemented a detailed nursing model for them,observed the quality of life score(SF-36),self-care ability score(ESCA),anxiety and depression self-rating scale scores of 55 patients before and after nursing,and investigate the incidence of vascular fistula obstruction and complication rate of 55 patients after nursing.Results Although 55 patients with maintenance hemodialysis had adverse events after nursing(obstruction of internal fistula in 1 case,hematoma in 2 cases),the incidence of adverse events was relatively low 5.45%.The scores of quality of life and self-care were higher than those before nursing,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with before nursing,SAS score(51.30±1.01)points and SDS score(50.11±2.48)points of 55 maintenance hemodialysis patients decreased significantly after nursing,the differences were statistically significant(t=15.146,16.515,P<0.05).Conclusion The application of detailed nursing mode in the treatment of human hematopoietic fistula in the maintenance hemodialysis patients can significantly improve the quality of life of the patients,improve the psychological pressure of the patients,contribute to the successful completion of dialysis treatment,and actively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 人造血管内瘘 护理 生活质量 不良情绪 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]