单组元推力器固定床催化分解反应工程基础  

Theory of chemical reaction engineering on catalytic decomposition of propellant in packed bed for monopropellant thruster

作　　者：侯宝林[1] 李雪 王文涛[1] 卢婷[1] 丛伟民 王浩龙[1] 高德扬 黄传德 单继宏[1] 夏连根[1] 王晓东[1] 张涛[1] Baolin HOU;Xue LI;Wentao WANG;Ting LU;Weimin CONG;Haolong WANG;Deyang GAO;Chuande HUANG;Jihong SHAN;Liangen XIA;Xiaodong WANG;Tao ZHANG(Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian,Liaoning 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2021年第10期1142-1155,共14页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:21676266);中国科学院科技创新重点部署项目(编号:KGFZD-135-19-03)。

摘　　要：自20世纪60年代肼类化学单组元推力器诞生以来,液体单组元推进技术在卫星轨控、火箭姿态调整和应急动力系统中得到了广泛应用。化学单组元推进技术关键是高能液体化学推进剂在颗粒固定床内催化分解反应过程。由于其化学反应过程的复杂性,目前该类推进技术开发不考虑化学反应工程本质,以热能和空气动力学工程理论为基础,通过大量耗时耗力推力器热实验完成。本工作从化学反应工程角度出发,论述了化工热力学、催化反应动力学、单颗粒催化剂内扩散?反应、催化剂纳微孔道内流体?反应以及在固定床宏观多孔介质中和颗粒堆积形成的介观复杂几何结构内流动?传递?反应的耦合理论,且在化学单组元推进系统中推进剂能量设计,催化剂结构和催化分解固定床设计中的应用。本工作给出了单组元推进技术中相关催化反应工程理论基础,有望为新型绿色化学单组元推进技术的开发提供推进剂配方,为催化剂合成以及分解固定床的设计提供理论基础。In 1960s,after the hydrazine based chemical monopropellant was developed,the liquid monopropellant technology has been widely applied in controlling the trajectory of satellite,adjusting the attitude of rocket and the emergency power supply.It is critical for chemical monopropellant to catalytically decompose the high energy liquid chemical propellant in the packed bed of particles.However,up to now,the kind of propellant technology had still been developed by performing a great deal of experiments under the direction of theoretical basement of thermal energy and air dynamics engineering and without considering from the viewpoint of chemical reaction engineering.In this work,from the viewpoint of chemical reaction engineering,the chemical engineering thermodynamics,the catalytic reaction kinetics,the diffusion-reaction in a single catalyst particle,the flow-reaction in the pore of porous catalyst,the flow-transport phenomena-reaction in the macroscopic porous media of packed bed and the meso-scale complicated geometry structure formed by the catalyst particles randomly stacking to be used in designing the component of propellant,optimizing the catalyst structure and the decomposition packed bed of monopropellant thruster were discussed.The review provides the fundamental theory of catalytic reaction engineering for designing,which is hoped as the theoretical direction for designing the propellant component,synthesizing the catalyst structure and the decomposition packed bed in developing the new green chemical monopropellant technology.

关 键 词：单组元推进 固定床 传递现象 催化分解 化学反应工程 

分 类 号：TQ460.64[化学工程—制药化工]