高性能纤维热牵伸研究进展  

Research progress on hot-stretching of high performance fibers

作　　者：颜凤 李保六[1,2] 唐万莲 崔正威 袁观明[1,2] 丛野[1,2] 董志军[1,2] 李轩科[1,2] Yan Feng;Li Bao-liu;Tang Wan-lian;Cui Zheng-wei;Yuan Guan-ming;Cong Ye;Dong Zhi-jun;Li Xuan-ke(The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China;The Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学省部共建耐火材料与冶金国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学湖北省煤转化与新型炭材料重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《炭素技术》2021年第5期14-21,47,共9页Carbon Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52072275,U1960106)。

摘　　要：热牵伸贯穿聚丙烯腈基纤维制备全过程,能够使纤维内部类石墨微晶尺寸增大、沿纤维轴向取向度提高,明显改善纤维的微观结构,从而提高其物理性能。本文概述了牵伸处理在纤维制备过程中的关键作用,主要介绍了牵伸在聚丙烯腈基炭纤维、中间相沥青基炭纤维、黏胶基炭纤维、纳米炭纤维以及生物可降解纤维生产过程中的应用研究进展,重点分析了聚丙烯腈基炭纤维制备各工段(纺丝、预氧化、炭化和石墨化)施加牵伸的关键技术问题及其对炭纤维微观结构和物理性能的影响。Hot-stretching runs through the entire process of preparing polyacrylonitrile-based fibers, which can increase graphitelike microcrystallite size inside the fibers, enhance the crystalline orientation along the fiber axis and significantly improve the microstructure of the fibers, thereby improving the final physical properties of resulting carbon fibers. This article outlines the key role of stretching treatment during the fiber preparation. Meanwhile, the application research progress of stretching on polyacrylonitrilebased carbon fibers, mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers, rayon-based carbon fibers, carbon nanofibers and biodegradable fibers is mainly introduced, and the key technical issues on stretching applied in each unit,including spinning, preoxidation, carbonization and graphitization, of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers and its impact on their microstructure and physical properties are selectively analysed.

关 键 词：热牵伸 炭纤维 纳米炭纤维 生物可降解纤维 

分 类 号：TQ340.651[化学工程—化纤工业]