新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对儿童传染病报告影响  

Impact of COVID-19 epidemic on reported incidence of infectious diseases among children in Guangdong province: a hospital-based study

作　　者：黄建英[1] 李静静[1] 刘妙玲[1] 吴菲[1] 肖苑红 邹晓妮[1] HUANG Jian-ying;LI Jing-jing;LIU Miao-ling(Department of Nosocomial Infection Management,Guangdong Provincial Women and Children Hospital,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 511442,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院医院感染管理科,广州511442

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第10期1527-1530,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解某三甲妇幼专科医院儿童法定报告传染病流行特征,分析新冠肺炎疫情流行期间儿童传染病的发病特点,为儿童传染病防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性方法对2017—2020年6月报告的0~14岁儿童法定报告传染病资料进行分析,对比新冠肺炎疫情前后儿童传染病的流行特征。结果 2017—2020年6月共报告儿童传染病56 609例,总报告率为1.75%,2020年2—6月份儿童传染病总报告率为0.30%,显著低于2017—2019年同期平均水平,0~2岁、3~5岁和6~14岁组报告率分别下降75.82%、85.10%和89.20%。报告的病种中居前3位的分别是流行性感冒(25 355例,占44.79%)、手足口病(20 936例,占36.98%)和其他感染性腹泻(7 180例,占12.63%)。2020年2—6月份与往年同期相比,儿童传染病的构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=539.938,P <0.001);手足口病、流行性感冒、其他感染性腹泻、水痘和猩红热的报告率均有不同程度下降(P <0.001),手足口病、流行性感冒报告率下降最为显著。结论新冠肺炎疫情一定程度上影响了患者的就医行为,网络问诊、网络购药等方式成了部分轻症患者的首选就医方式,加之医疗机构、中小学校/幼托机构等各方面采取一系列综合的防疫公共卫生措施,对儿童传染病防控起到积极有效的控制作用,降低了儿童传染病报告率。Objective To explore incidence features of notifiable infectious diseases among children seeking medication at a tertiary women and children′ s hospital during the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19) for providing evidences to the prevention and control of childhood infectious disease. Methods From China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, we extracted the data on all notifiable infectious disease cases aged 0 – 14 years reported from January 2017 through June 2020 by a tertiary women and children′s hospital. The data on all l0 – 14 years old noninfectious disease outpatients and hospitalizations of the hospital during the same period were collected simultaneously. The features of childhood infectious diseases before and during the COVID-19 epidemic(February – June, 2020) were analyzed and compared statistically. Results During the period, totally 56 609 childhood infectious disease cases were reported,accounting for 1.75% of all child patients(outpatients and inpatients) of the hospital. The proportion of reported infectious disease cases(0.30%) against all child patients of the hospital in the epidemic period was obviously low compared to that in the same period in 2017, 2018 and 2019, with the decreased ratios of 75.82%, 85.10% and 89.20% for the child patients aged0 – 2, 3 – 5 and 6 – 14 years, respectively. Among all reported infectious disease cases, the top three diseases were influenza(n = 25 355, 44.79%), hand-foot-mouth disease(n = 20 936, 36.98%) and other infectious diarrhea disease(n = 7 180,12.63%). A significant disparity in the composition of reported infectious diseases was observed between the epidemic period and the same duration of previous three years(χ2 = 539.938, P < 0.001). Hand-foot-mouth disease, influenza, other infectious diarrhea disease, chickenpox and scarlatina were among the diseases with a decreased proportion to some extent reported during the epidemic period(P < 0.001). Conclusion The COVID-19 epidemic exerts a certain impact on re

关 键 词：儿童 传染病 新冠肺炎 影响 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]