着鞋类型和步速对膝关节载荷的影响  

Effects of Shoe Type and Walking Speed on Knee Joint Loads

作　　者：王勇[1,2] 任慧[3] 汤运启 梁雷超 邹利民 刘宇[2] 黄灵燕[2] WANG Yong;REN Hui;TANG Yunqi;LIANG Leichao;ZOU Limin;LIU Yu;HUANG Lingyan(Department of Physical Educationy Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252000,Shandong、China;Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;College of Art and Design,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology、Xi'an 710021,China;College of Rehabilitation,Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences,Shanghai 201318,China;Department of Physical Education,Jinggangshan University,Ji'an 343009,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学体育学院,山东聊城252000 [2]上海体育学院运动健身科技省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海200438 [3]陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,西安710021 [4]上海健康医学院康复学院,上海201318 [5]井冈山大学体育学院,江西吉安343000

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2021年第5期725-731,共7页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：科技冬奥国家重点研发计划(2018YFF0300500);国家自然科学基金项目(11932013,31701041);教育部人文社会科学研究规化基金项目(19YJCZH115,21YJAZH092);聊城大学科研基金项目(321021947);大学生创新创业项目(S201910447045,CXCY2020Y140,S202010708004)。

摘　　要：目的探讨着鞋类型(裸足、普通鞋、极简鞋)与步行速度(快步走、常速行走)对膝关节生物力学指标的影响,为科学健身提供理论参考。方法采用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统、Kisler三维测力台同步采集10名男性在裸足、穿着不同鞋常速行走与快步走时下肢运动生物力学指标。采用双因素(2种行走方式×3种着鞋类型)重复测量方差分析对各指标进行统计分析。结果相对于快步走,常速行走时足底压力中心(center of pressure,COP)向外偏移较大,额状面膝关节力臂、膝关节内收外力矩和第1峰值负载率均较小,但额状面膝关节冲量矩较大;相对于穿着普通跑鞋,裸足或穿着极简鞋时,步幅变小,COP向外偏移较大,额状面膝关节力臂、膝关节内收外力矩、第1峰值负载率和额状面膝关节冲量矩较小。结论为降低额状面膝关节冲量矩以及峰值负载率,建议着极简鞋采用小步幅进行快步走锻炼。Objective To investigate the effects of shoes type( barefoot,ordinary running shoes,minimalist shoes) and walking speed( jogging,walking at normal speed) on biomechanical parameters of knee joint,so as to provide theoretical reference for scientific fitness. Methods Vicon three-dimensional( 3D) motion capture system and Kistler 3D force plate were used to collect biomechanical parameters of lower limbs from 10 subjects during walking at different speed with different shoes. Two-way( 2 walking conditions × 3 shoe conditions)repeated measures analysis of variance was used to statistically analyze each dependent variable.Results Compared with jogging,the lateral excursion of plantar center of pressure( COP) was greater,the moment arm in frontal plane,the adduction moment and peak loading rate of knee joint were smaller,but the angular impulse of knee joint in frontal plane was greater. Compared with ordinary running shoes,the stride length was decreased,the lateral excursion of COP was greater,and the moment arm of knee joint in frontal plane,the knee adduction moment,the peak load rate and the angular impulse of knee joint in frontal plane were smaller.Conclusions In order to reduce the angular impulse and peak loading rate of knee joint in frontal plane,it is recommended to jog with small strides for ordinary people with minimalist footwear.

关 键 词：极简鞋 行走速度 膝关节 内收外力矩 压力中心 运动生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]