苹果花药培养不定胚诱导条件的优化  

Optimization of Induction Conditions of Anther Culture Adventitious Embryo in Apple

作　　者：张春芬 邓舒 肖蓉 小森贞男 曹秋芬 Zhang Chunfen;Deng Shu;Xiao Rong;Komori Sadao;Cao Qiufen(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricvultural University,Taiyuan,030031;Faculty of Agriculture,Iwate University,Morioka,020-8550,Japan;College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,太原030031 [2]日本国立岩手大学农学部,盛冈020-8550,日本 [3]山西农业大学生命科学学院,太原030031

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第20期6842-6851,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372033);山西省国际合作项目(201803D421023);山西省农业科学院优势课题组项目(YCX2018DZYS15);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新-农谷研发专项(YCX2020201)共同资助。

摘　　要：为进一步提高苹果花药培养不定胚诱导率,本研究以‘丹霞’、‘富士’、‘嘎啦’、‘红星’、‘红玉’、‘津轻’、‘硕红’、‘千秋’、‘珊夏’‘、王林’、‘祝光’、‘wijcik’等12个苹果品种和八棱海棠、山定子的花药为试材进行培养,分析研究了不同基因型、低温预处理、培养基中蔗糖浓度、凝固剂、活性炭以及培养条件等对不定胚形成的影响,结果表明12个苹果品种中‘祝光’不定胚诱导率最高,高达34.3%,其次为‘红星’11.9%和‘千秋’5.1%,‘王林’没有诱导形成不定胚;八棱海棠、‘丹霞’、‘富士’和‘嘎啦’4个基因型在低温预处理30 d以后均表现出随低温处理时间延长不定胚诱导率显著增加的趋势;培养基蔗糖浓度为5%、凝固剂为0.75%Bactagar有利于不定胚和愈伤组织的诱导;培养基中添加一定浓度的活性炭有利不定胚的诱导;25℃恒温是进行苹果花药培养的适宜条件。研究结果为建立高效且适宜苹果遗传转化的苹果不定胚再生体系提供了理论基础,同时丰富了纯合基因型株系群体,为进一步的遗传分析提供了研究材料。To establish bette r embryo induction procedures in anther culture of apple,the effects of different genotypes,sucrose,acticated carbon and Agar in the culture medium on embryo formation was studying.Flower buds of cluster in apple cultivars ’Danxia’,’Fuji’,’Gala’,’Starking Delicious’,’Kougyoku’,’Tsugaru’,’Shuohong’,’Senshu’,’Sansa’,’Oulin’,’American Summer Pearmain’,’wijcik’,Malus micromalus,Malus baccata were used to study the effect of genotype,cold pre-treatment,sucrose and gelling agent on embryo formation.The result showed that the cultivar of ’American Summer Pearmain’ had a higher embryo formation rate than other 10 cultivars.The cultivar of ’Octagonal Begonia’,’Danxia’,’Fuji’ and ’Gala’ were all showed that the embryo formation rate increased rapidly after 30 days of cold pre-treatment.the culture medium supplemented with 5% of sugar,0.75%.Bactagar and a certain amount of acticated carbon were beneficial to embryo induction and the temperature at 25 ℃ was a suitable condition for anther culture of apple.This study laied a foundation for establishing an efficient and suitable embryo regeneration system for apple embryo genetic transformation,and increased the number of homozygous plants which provide materials for further genetic analysis.

关 键 词：苹果(Malus domestica) 花药培养 基因型 低温预处理 不定胚 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]