论六朝诏令的骈化及其艺术特质  

On the Tendency of Using Rhythmical Words of the Imperial Rescript in the Six Dynasties and Its Artistic Characteristics

作　　者：陈鹏[1] CHEN Peng(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan 453007)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学文学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2021年第4期47-55,共9页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：河南省社科规划项目“骈文文体演变及其文化意蕴研究”(2018BWX01Z);河南省教育厅人文社科项目“孙德谦骈文创作与批评研究”(2019-ZZJH-695)。

摘　　要：到了秦汉时期,由于大一统帝国的形成,君臣等级关系的日益强化等因素,文书行政制度得以更广泛地实施。诏令从日常通用之辞也随之变成帝王的专用文体。相较散体,音韵谐美的骈体诏令更适合于服务隆重的政治仪式,这也是六朝以后诸多文体虽渐复古文,但诏令仍沿用骈体的主要原因。六朝骈体诏令之所以备受批评,主要在于不合乎后人所崇尚的气象宏阔、庄严典重等美学风格。其实,六朝时期一些无关军国大事、政治仪式色彩较淡的骈体诏令如果写得至情至性、语意丰赡,亦文致自胜、风韵疏宕。另外,六朝骈体诏令也不乏气势恢宏、刚健凌厉的以诏为檄之作。只有摆脱笼统印象式的批评模式,才能在总体把握的宏观视野之下,更为贴近骈文这种文学体式在六朝渗透并且改变众多类别文章的丰富创作实际。In the Qin and Han dynasties,the formation of the great unified empire and the strengthening of hierarchical relationship between rulers and ministers led to a more widespread implementation of the administrative system of documents. The imperial edict was transformed from a common everyday rhetoric into a style reserved for the emperor. Compared to the prose,the phonetic harmony of the parallel edict is more suitable for serving the grand political ceremony,which is also the main reason why many literary styles after the Six Dynasties still use the parallel edict,despite the gradual return to the archaic texts. The reason for the criticism of the Sixth Dynasty’s parallel edicts is that they do not conform to the aesthetic style of meteorological grandeur and solemnity that later generations revered.In fact,during the Six Dynasties,some edicts that had nothing to do with military and state affairs and were light on political rituals were written with the utmost emotion and richness of meaning,and they were also written in a way that made them charming and sparse.In addition,there are also many magnificent,robust and severe edicts instead of diatribes in the Six Dynasties. Only by breaking away from the cage-impression mode of criticism can we get closer to the rich creative reality of the literary style of parallel that permeated and transformed many categories of texts during the Six Dynasties under the macroscopic view of overall grasp.

关 键 词：六朝 诏令 骈化 艺术特质 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]