蒙古国口蹄疫防控情况与探讨  

Situation and Discussion on Prevention and Control of Foot-and-mouth Disease in Mongolia

作　　者：陈林军 崔强 于志超 李军燕 罗晓平 王海艳 延涵 敖威华 赵治国 CHEN Lin-jun;CUI Qiang;YU Zhi-chao;LI Jun-yan;LUO Xiao-ping;WANG Hai-yan;YAN Han;AO Wei-hua;ZHAO Zhi-guo(Technology Center,Hohhot Customs District,Hohhot 010020,China;College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Institute of Veterinary Medicine,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特海关技术中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088 [3]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院兽医研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2021年第5期124-128,共5页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

摘　　要：蒙古国与我国内蒙古自治区接壤,家畜存栏量大,素有“畜牧业王国”之称。该国家畜养殖以自然放牧为主。了解蒙古国境内口蹄疫疫情防控情况,可为我国防止外来动物疫病入侵及科学防控疫情提供参考。对世界动物卫生组织(OIE)2015-2020年资料及近年来蒙古国口蹄疫防控材料进行分析,结果表明,2015-2020年蒙古国口蹄疫疫情总体呈先上升后下降趋势,2019年和2020年无疫情报告,说明近年来蒙古国通过完善动物疫病防控法规制度、梳理兽医管理体系、提升实验室检测能力等措施有效控制了境内口蹄疫疫情。建议中蒙两国加强兽医领域合作,一是可以降低蒙古国边境地区口蹄疫向我国内蒙古自治区跨境传播的风险;二是可以从源头上把控食品安全风险,在符合国际规则和国内规定情况下,促进蒙古国牛羊肉有序进口以满足国内市场增长的需求。Mongolia,bordering Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China,has a large number of livestock,and is known as the′Animal Husbandry Kingdom′.Natural grazing is the main type of livestock feeding in Mongolia.Understanding the situation of prevention and control of foot-and-mouth disease in Mongolia can lay the foundation for prevention of foreign animal epidemic diseases invasion as well as for scientific prevent and control of the epidemics in China.We have analyzed the data from the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE)from the year of 2015 to 2020 and the recent materials of foot-and-mouth disease prevention and control in Mongolia,and found that the foot-and-mouth disease epidemic situation in Mongolia has generally increased first and then decreased during the year of 2015 to 2020,and there is no reports of foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in the years of 2019 and 2020.It is indicated that Mongolia has effectively controlled the foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in its territory in recent years by improving the relevant laws and regulations for prevention and control of animal epidemic diseases,combing veterinary management systems,and enhancing the laboratory test capabilities.It is recommended that China and Mongolia should strengthen the cooperation in the field of veterinary medicine.On one hand,it can reduce the risks of cross-border transmission of foot-and-mouth disease from the border areas of Mongolia to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China.On the other hand,it can originally control the food safety risks and promote the orderly import of Mongolian beef and mutton to meet the growing demands of the domestic market of China on the premise that the trade is in compliance with the international and domestic rules and regulations.

关 键 词：蒙古国 口蹄疫 防控 兽医管理体系 

分 类 号：S851.34[农业科学—预防兽医学]