蓝莓不同品种果实与种子特性的比较分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Fruit and Seed Characteristics of Different Blueberry Cultivars

作　　者：王小敏[1] 赵慧芳[1] 吴文龙[1] 张春红[1] 李维林 WANG Xiaomin;ZHAO Huifang;WU Wenlong;ZHANG Chunhong;LI Weilin(Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014;Academy of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University/Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]南京林业大学林学院南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第20期47-52,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金资助项目(CX(19)2013)。

摘　　要：以29个蓝莓品种的九成熟果实为试材,测量果实大小、质量、硬度及可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量,调查种子得率、千粒质量和种子出苗率,通过综合分析筛选出果实和种子性状较优的品种,以期为蓝莓杂交育种筛选符合目标性状的优良亲本提供参考依据。结果表明:南高丛类型蓝莓品种的单果质量较小,硬度较低,但种子出苗率较高;北高丛类型蓝莓品种的单果质量和硬度较高,但糖酸比最低;兔眼蓝莓单果质量、硬度和糖酸比均较高,但是种子含量较高,千粒质量较大,出苗率较低;29个品种中,‘博尼塔’‘巨蓝’和‘莱克西’可以作为蓝莓杂交育种的优良亲本,其次为‘贝姬蓝’‘顶峰’‘蓝湾金’‘夏普蓝’和‘玉蓝’。Nine-mature fruits of 29 blueberry cultivars were used as the test materials,the size,weight,soluble solids and titratable acid content were measured.The seeds were obtained by cleaning the fruits,their content,1000 grain weight and emergence rate were investigated.The excellent cultivars were screened as parents for breeding in according to fruit and/or seed characters,in order to provide a reference for the selection of excellent parents in blueberry cross breeding.The results showed that the single fruit weight and hardness of south highbush blueberry cultivars were lower,but the seed emergence rate was higher;the single fruit weight and hardness of north highbush blueberry cultivars were higher than those of south highbush blueberry,but the sugar acid ratio was the lowest;the single fruit weight,hardness and sugar acid ratio of rabbiteye blueberry cultivars were higher,but the seed content was the highest,the 1000 grain weight was higher,but the seedling emergence rate was the lowest.Among the 29 blueberry cultivars,‘Bonita’‘Prolific’and‘Legacy’were the best parents for cross breeding,followed by‘Beckyblue’‘Climax’‘Bluegold’‘Sharpblue’and‘Magrnolia’.

关 键 词：蓝莓 果实特性 种子特性 杂交育种 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]