不同砧穗组合对“瑞雪”苹果树体生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Dwarfing Rootstocks on Tree Growth,Yield and Fruit Quality of‘Ruixue’Apple

作　　者：袁仲玉 樊良栋 韦德闯 张琦卓 赵政阳[3] 钱加乐 YUAN Zhongyu;FAN Liangdong;WEI Dechuang;ZHANG Qizhuo;ZHAO Zhengyang;QIAN Jiale(College of Agriculture and Forestry,Long Dong University,Xifeng,Gansu 745000;Station of Apple Experiment and Demonstration,Qingcheng,Gansu 745100;College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院农林科技学院,甘肃西峰745000 [2]庆城县苹果试验示范站,甘肃庆城745100 [3]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第20期53-58,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代苹果产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-28);庆阳市科技计划资助项目(QNKB2-5);陇东学院青年基金资助项目(XYZK1911)。

摘　　要：以"瑞雪"苹果为试材,以M26、B9、T337中间砧和M26、B9、T337自根砧为试验砧木,采用方差分析法,研究了各砧穗组合之间的物候期,树体生长势、产量和品质的差异,以期为"瑞雪"苹果在庆阳苹果产区发展提供参考依据。结果表明:在庆阳地区的旱作矮化密植栽培条件下,中间砧优于自根砧,M26和T337优于B9。砧木对"瑞雪"苹果的物候期无明显影响;以B9为中间砧和自根砧嫁接"瑞雪"苹果的树势弱,产量低,与其砧穗组合的差异达到显著水平;"瑞雪"中间砧砧穗组合的产量显著高于自根砧砧穗组合;砧木对"瑞雪"苹果果实的果形无显著影响,但对其它外观品质和内在品质有显著影响。Interstocks B9,M26,T337 and self-rooted rootstock B9,M26,T337,as well as‘Ruixue’apllie variety were used as test material.The differences between combinations of rootstocks and scions were studied by the method of analysis of variance,in order to provide reference for the development of‘Ruixue’apple variety in Qingyang apple production area.The results showed that the interstocks was superior to the self-rooted rootstocks,M26 and T337 were superior to B9.There was no correlation between rootstock and phenological period of‘Ruixue’variety.The height and crown diameter of the interstocks and self-rooted rootstock of B9 were significantly reduced compared with other combinations,and the tree vigorl was the weakest.The‘Ruixue’apple variety grafted on the interstocks M26 was suitable for the high-density cultivation mode of dry cropping in Qingyang apple producing area.

关 键 词：“瑞雪”苹果 中间砧 自根砧 物候期 树体生长 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]