三种生境条件下四合木种群开花结实特性  

Flowering and Fruiting Characteristics of Tetraena mongolica Under Three Habitats

作　　者：杨跃文[1,2] 邢钰坤 曹恭祥 李银祥[1] 张凤鹤 刘佳[1,3] YANG Yuewen;XING Yukun;CAO Gongxiang;LI Yinxiang;ZHANG Fenghe;LIU Jia(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010;Inner Mongolia Ordos Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 016100;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Desert Ecological System,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古鄂尔多斯森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯016100 [3]内蒙古自治区沙地(沙漠)生态系统与生态工程重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《北方园艺》2021年第20期84-89,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2019MS03034)。

摘　　要：以鄂托克旗蒙西镇自然分布的四合木种群作为研究对象,采用统计学方法,对不同生境条件下四合木种群的冠幅结构、开花结实量、花果转移率和结籽率进行了研究,以期为探讨种群的更新和濒危机制以及四合木资源保护和利用提供参考依据。结果表明:种群结构与生境条件密切相关,种群A的生境明显优于种群B和种群C,种群A幼龄个体占27.33%,自然更新后备力量充足,属稳定型种群,种群B和种群C缺乏幼龄个体,自然更新不良,属衰退型种群,严酷的生境条件成为限制四合木更新的主要因素之一。单个四合木灌丛的平均开花数为842,平均结实数为388,且开花和结实数量随冠幅级增加呈"山峰"形曲线变化,开花结实高峰期均出现在冠幅级为10~11级时,平均花果转移率为34.48%。试验区四合木结籽率较低,仅为0.87%~2.87%,可能与其胚胎败育率高有关。Based on an investigation into the Tetraena mongolica communities distributed in Western Ordos Inner Mongolia,its community characteristics,the flowering and fruiting characteristics of the populations were analyzed by using statistical methods,in order to provide reference for exploring the mechanism of population regeneration and endangerment,as well as protecting and utilizing of T.mongolica resources.The results showed that the population structure was closely related to the habitat conditions.The habitat of population A was significantly better than that of population B and population C.The young plants of population A accounted for 27.33%.The reserve force of natural regeneration was sufficient.Population B and population C were lack of young plants,can′t regeneration naturally and belong to declining population.The severe habitat condition is one of the main factors limiting the regeneration of T.mongolica.The average number of flowering and fruiting per shrub was 842 and 388.The number of flowering and fruiting varied in a‘peak’curve with the increase of crown size.The peak period of flowering and fruiting occurred at crown size 10 and 11,and the average flower-fruit transformation rate was 34.48%.The seed bearing percentage of T.mongolica was low,only 0.87%-2.87%,which might be related to its high embryo abortion rate.

关 键 词：四合木 种群结构 开花结实特征 结籽率 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]