“微抗争”:互联网技术赋权与政治机会结构的限制——基于微博上访的实证研究  

Micro-resistance:Internet technology empowerment and constraints on political opportunity-structure——An Empirical Study on the Content of the Petitioner’s Microblog

作　　者：曾润喜[1] 周晓文 Zeng Runxi;Zhou Xiaowen

机构地区：[1]重庆大学新闻学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《新闻界》2021年第11期56-64,共9页Journalism and Mass Communication

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新媒体事件对地方政府注意力分配的影响机制研究”(18BZZ078)。

摘　　要：互联网成为人们开展维权抗争行动的新工具和场域,技术赋权被认为是互联网带给权利抗争的红利,这一红利是否有助于形塑政治机会结构呢?本文通过对上访人微博的内容分析,探讨上访人如何利用微博上访的关系网络、抗争策略和政治机会结构改变效果。研究发现,上访人借助微博所开展的抗争行动是一种具有本土概念特征的"微抗争",在抗争发生的场域、抗争手法和抗争效果等方面都体现了"微"的特征;"以理抗争""以势抗争""摆事实"等是上访人惯用的抗争策略;在政治机会结构方面,由于微博作为政治参与通道的局限、"有影响力的盟友"介入抗争效果不明显以及上访人既定社会位置限制,微博上访的形式难以带来政治机会结构的改善,互联网赋权并不显著。The Internet has become a new tool and field for people to defend their rights,does it have the potential to shape political opportunity structure?Based on 4898 Sina Weibo items,this study analyzes the strategies of online resistance,the relationship network and the improvement of political opportunity structure.We found that online resistance is a kind of"micro-resistance",which is reflected in the field of resistance,the strategy of resistance and the effect of resistance."Confrontation by Rightness(Li)","Shi based Game"and"putting the facts"are the most frequently used resistance strategies by the petitioners.However,due to the limitations of the new media as a channel for political participation,the weak support of"influential allies"and the impact of established social positions,it is difficult for the petitioners to bring about changes in the structure of political opportunities.

关 键 词：微博 上访 政治机会结构 抗争策略 微抗争 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]