2010—2019年盐城市学校突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies from school in Yancheng,2010—2019

作　　者：卢小敏 孙中友[2] 张学艳 陈盛兰 郝瑞峰 LU Xiao-min;SUN Zhong-you;ZHANG Xue-yan;CHEN Sheng-lan;HAO Rui-feng(Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224005,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]江苏医药职业学院,江苏盐城224005 [2]盐城市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第21期3857-3860,3865,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：盐城市政府社会科学基金项目(20szfsk50)。

摘　　要：目的了解盐城市2010—2019年学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征和防控现状,提出防控对策。方法收集整理盐城市2010—2019年学校突发公共卫生事件报告资料,运用描述性研究方法分析。结果 2010—2019年盐城市共报告84起学校突发公共卫生事件,其中98.81%为传染病疫情,以呼吸道传染病为主。报告前3位病种依次为水痘、流行性感冒和诺如病毒感染性腹泻。报告数逐年呈上升趋势,有明显季节性双高峰,位于10月至次年1月和3-5月。报告事件数前三位是滨海县、亭湖区和盐都区。主要发生地为小学。城市学校报告事件数、发病人数均高于农村学校。托幼机构和小学主要病种均为水痘,分别为50.00%和75.44%,中学主要病种为流行性感冒(33.33%)。疫情介入处置时间中位数为6天,疫情持续时间中位数为14天,两者呈正相关(Spearman相关系数=0.595,P<0.001)。结论盐城学校突发公共卫生事件主要类型为呼吸道传染病的水痘和流行性感冒,小学是重点防控人群,及早发现、报告、处置并在高发季节针对重点人群、重点疾病落实各项防控措施是控制疫情的关键。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and the prevention and control status of school public health emergencies in Yancheng City from 2010 to 2019,and to put forward prevention and control countermeasures.Methods The data of school public health emergencies in Yancheng City from 2010 to 2019 were collected and analyzed by descriptive research methods.Results A total of 84 school public health emergencies were reported in Yancheng City from 2010 to 2019,of which 98.81%were infectious diseases,mainly respiratory infectious diseases.The top three reported diseases were chickenpox,influenza and norovirus infectious diarrhea.The number of reports showed an upward trend year by year,with obvious seasonal double peaks which were located in October-January of the next year and March-May.The top three reported events were Binhai County,Tinghu District and Yandu District.The main place of occurrence was primary school.The number of reported incidents and cases in urban schools were higher than those in rural schools.The main disease in kindergartens and primary schools were varicella,which were 50.00%and 75.44%,respectively.The main diseases in middle schools were influenza(33.33%).The median time of intervention treatment was 6 days,and the median duration of epidemic was 14 days,which were positively correlated(Spearman correlation coefficient=0.595,P<0.001).Conclusion The main types of public health emergencies in Yancheng schools are varicella and influenza of respiratory infectious diseases.Primary school students are the key prevention and control group.Early detection,reporting,disposal and implementation of prevention and control measures for key groups and key diseases in high-incidence seasons are the key to control the epidemic.

关 键 词：学校 突发公共卫生事件 流行病学特征 传染病 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]