石灰碳铵熏蒸联合生物有机肥施用对香蕉土壤真菌群落的影响  

Effects of lime and ammonium carbonate fumigation coupled with bio-organic fertilizer application on banana fungal community

作　　者：刘珊珊 胡夏茹 王云舟 李春雨[2] 陶成圆 李荣 沈其荣 LIU Shanshan;HU Xiaru;WANG Yunzhou;LI Chunyu;TAO Chengyuan;LI Rong;SHEN Qirong(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Solid Organic Waste Utilization,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization,Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizers,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室,江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,教育部资源节约型肥料工程技术研究中心,作物免疫学重点实验室,南京210095 [2]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第5期1326-1333,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200805);广东省科技计划项目(2016B020202006);江苏省高校品牌专业建设工程项目(PPZY2015A061);大学生创新训练项目(1913C26)资助。

摘　　要：土壤真菌群落的调控是防治香蕉枯萎病的关键,为探明石灰碳铵熏蒸联合生物有机肥施用调控香蕉土壤真菌群落防控香蕉枯萎病的机制,通过田间试验,研究不熏蒸+有机肥(OF)、不熏蒸+生物有机肥(BF)、石灰碳铵熏蒸+有机肥(LAOF)和石灰碳铵熏蒸+生物有机肥(LABF)的施用对香蕉土壤真菌群落的影响.结果显示:相比于OF处理,LAOF和LABF的真菌群落丰富度和多样性均降低,其中,LABF的丰富度和多样性均显著低于LAOF;土壤熏蒸和施肥处理为驱动真菌群落组成改变的影响因子,且熏蒸对其产生了更重要的影响.网络分析结果表明,熏蒸+施肥处理使土壤真菌网络结构由以有害微生物为主导向以有益微生物主导的方向转变;FUNGuild功能注释结果表明,熏蒸处理显著降低了土壤中植物病原菌和腐生真菌的相对丰度,增加了土壤中的外生菌根等有益真菌的相对丰度.另外,相比于LAOF处理,外生菌根真菌在LABF中显著富集;对网络中的关键节点分析发现,OTU_1(Tuber)、OTU_14(Cordycipitaceae_unidentified)和OTU_21(Simplicillium)在熏蒸处理中显著富集,这些真菌的相对丰度与发病率呈极显著负相关,且在熏蒸后施生物有机肥处理中的相对丰度显著高于熏蒸后施有机肥处理.本研究表明石灰碳铵熏蒸+生物有机肥的施用显著降低了土壤真菌群落的丰富度和多样性,但激发了土壤中具有抑菌潜力的关键微生物,使其向有利于香蕉健康生长的方向发展.Regulation of the soil fungal flora is critical for banana wilt prevention and control.This study aimed to investigate the effect of lime-ammonium fumigation coupled with bio-organic fertilizer application on soil fungal flora in a field experiment.This study focused on the effects of organic fertilizer(OF),bio-organic fertilizer(BF),lime,and ammonium carbonate fumigation coupled with organic fertilizer(LAOF),and lime-ammonium fumigation coupled with bio-organic fertilizer application(LABF)on banana fungal communities using high-throughput sequencing methods based on field experiments.The alpha diversity analysis of soil fungi showed that fumigation combined with different fertilizer applications significantly reduced richness compared with organic and bio-organic fertilizers.The diversity of LABF was significantly lower than that of BF,while there was no significant difference between the LAOF and OF.LABF showed significantly higher richness and diversity than LAOF.Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)and multivariate regression tree analysis(MRT)of fungal communities based on the Bray-Curtis distance metric showed that soil fumigation and fertilization were influential factors driving the change in fungal community composition.Still,fumigation has a decisive impact on community composition.Moreover,the microbial community structure of LABF was significantly different from that of other treatments,and the community composition differences of LABF and LAOF were greater than those of BF and OF.Network structure analysis results showed that fumigation coupled with different fertilization treatments simplified the network structure of soil fungi.The network of harmful microorganisms in the network structure before fumigation is more complicated,while the network of beneficial microorganisms in the network structure after fumigation is more complicated.This indicated that fumigation changed the microbial network structure from harmful microorganisms to beneficial microorganisms.FUNGuild functional annotation results sh

关 键 词：熏蒸 生物有机肥 真菌 结构 功能 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S154.3[农业科学—植物保护]