依托便利店构建生活物资应急配送终端体系——以日本便利店的灾后救援经验为例  

Exploration on the Emergency Distribution Terminal System of Subsistence Goods Based on Convenience Stores:Experience of Convenience Stores in Post-Disaster Rescues of Japan

作　　者：姜凯凯 高浥尘 孙洁[3,4] Jiang Kaikai;Gao Yichen;Sun Jie

机构地区：[1]苏州市自然资源和规划局吴中分局 [2]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院长三角分院 [3]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院 [4]南京大学中产化研究中心

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2021年第5期121-128,共8页Urban Planning International

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42101219)。

摘　　要：新冠肺炎疫情暴露出我国城市普遍缺少统一高效的生活物资配送终端体系,造成了各种配送问题。日本便利店很好地兼顾了平时使用和紧急使用,成为灾害发生后居民获取生活物资的主要途径,实现了社区商业设施网络与生活物资应急配送终端网络的融合,对我国具有借鉴意义。在分析我国社区商业、便利店发展现状的基础上,笔者提出以下措施:基于战时思维将部分便利店纳入应急服务设施管理,基于人口分布规划街坊尺度、布局均衡的便利店网络,制定扶持政策引导便利店均衡发展,适度提高地方品牌集中度以提高灾后救援组织效率,从而实现平战结合、政企合作、分布均衡、组织高效的生活物资应急配送终端体系。During the COVID-19 epidemic,the imperfection of the distribution terminal system in China has exposed.In Japan,taking both daily retail services and emergency rescue into consideration,convenience stores are combination of commercial facilities and emergency distribution terminals of subsistence goods,so that they have become the main places for residents to obtain living supplies after disasters.The Japanese case has certain reference for China.Based on the analysis of community commerce and convenience stores in China,this paper puts forward the idea of taking some convenience stores into the emergency distribution system from the wartime thinking.It also suggests that,in order to form an efficient distribution terminal system for emergency supplies,which are serviceable at both peacetime and wartime,convenience stores should get a balanced layout based on population distribution and the scale of neighborhood in the city.Besides,government should provide favorable policies to support and guide the development of convenience stores through cooperating with enterprises.Last but not least,it is better to get a moderate brand concentration for convenience stores so as to ensure the orderly supply of subsistence goods in post-disaster rescues.

关 键 词：便利店 生活物资 配送终端 灾害 日本 新冠肺炎 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]