苜蓿对镰孢菌根腐病的抗性评价研究  

Studies on the Evaluation of Resistance to Root Rot Diseases Caused by Fusarium spp.in Alfalfa

作　　者：王瑜[1] 袁庆华[1] 何峰[1] 李向林[1] 苗丽宏[1] 仝宗永[1] WANG Yu;YUAN Qing-hua;HE Feng;LI Xiang-lin;MIAO Li-hong;TONG Zong-yong(Institute of Animal Sciences of CAAS,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第11期76-83,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071880);物种品种资源保护费项目(2130135)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探明不同紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种对木贼镰孢与尖镰孢根腐病的抗性,采用温室内米粒接种体接种法,对来自国内外的57个苜蓿品种分别进行了苗期尖镰孢与木贼镰孢的接种,通过对发病率、病情指数和地下生物量等指标的测定,对57个品种进行抗病性鉴定和评价。研究结果表明,57个品种木贼镰孢根腐病的病情指数为18.00~98.00,尖镰孢根腐病的病情指数为14.00~97.33,品种间均存在显著差异。从中筛选出中抗木贼镰孢根腐病品种4个,分别为焉耆、龙牧801、阿波罗Ⅱ和中兰1号;从中筛选出中抗尖镰孢根腐病品种9个,分别为萨帕斯、劳拉、哈尔滨、沧州、和阗、萨兰斯、切罗克和阿尔冈金;均无高抗品种。对木贼镰孢,57个品种相对地下生物量的变化范围为13.77%~93.64%,中抗、中感和高感品种的相对地下生物量均值分别为90.76%、82.37%和49.48%,高感品种与其他品种间存在极显著差异;对尖镰孢,相对地下生物量的变化范围为22.72%~97.72%,中抗、中感和高感品种的相对地下生物量均值分别为87.74%、75.19%和55.30%,高感材料与其他材料间也存在极显著差异。In this study,57 alfalfa(Medicago sativa)cultivars from domestic and abroad were inocula-ted with Fusaruum oxysporum and Fusarium equiseti at the seedling stage.The resistance of alfalfa to Fusarium spp.caused root rot diseases was evaluated by measuring the morbidity,disease index,and un-derground biomass of alfalfa.The results showed that the disease index of F.equiseti and F.oxysporum caused root rot in 57 cultivars ranged from 18.00 to 98.00 and 14.00 to 97.33,respectively,and there were significant differences in disease resistance among the cultivars.Four cultivars with moderate resist-ant to F.equiseti caused root rot were screened,including Yanshi,Longmu No.801,ApolloⅡand Zhonglan No.1.Nine cultivars with moderate resistant to F.oxysporum caused root rot were screened,including Surpass,Laura,Haerbin,Cangzhou,Hetian,Saranac,Cherokee and Algonquin.In the F.eq-uiseti treatment group,the variation range of relative underground biomass of 57 cultivars was 13.77%~93.64%,and the average of relative underground biomass of moderate resistant,moderate susceptible and high susceptible cultivars were 90.76%,82.37%and 49.48%,respectively.There were significant differ-ences between high susceptible cultivars and other cultivars.In the F.oxysporum treatment group,the variation range of relative underground biomass of 57 cultivars was 22.72%~97.72%,and the average of relative underground biomass of moderate resistant,moderate susceptible and high susceptible cultivars were 87.74%,75.19%and 55.30%,respectively,in which significant differences between high suscepti-ble cultivars and other cultivars were also observed.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 木贼镰孢 尖镰孢 抗病性 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]