老化处理对不同活力玉米种子生理特性的影响  

Effects of Aging Treatment on Physiological Characteristics of Maize Seeds with Different Vigor

作　　者：王振[1] 邓杰[2] 高树仁[2] 樊景胜[1] 连永利[1] 曲忠诚[1] 徐婷[1] 赵佰仁[1] WANG Zhen;DENG Jie;GAO Shu-ren;FAN Jing-sheng;LIAN Yong-li;QU Zhong-cheng;XU Ting;ZHAO Bai-ren(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161000,China;College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第11期7-12,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX12-17);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划(GA20B102-06);齐齐哈尔市科技计划创新激励项目(CNYGG-2020032);黑龙江省农垦总局重点科研计划项目(HKKY190102-02)。

摘　　要：为研究老化种子中生理指标与种子活力的相关性,本研究采用高温高湿人工加速老化的方法处理3份不同活力玉米杂交种,测定在不同老化处理下种子的吸水特性、种子外渗物质、ROS、重要酶类及调节物质等生理生化指标的变化。结果表明:随着老化程度加深,种子的吸水能力在吸胀12~24 h受抑制逐渐明显。活力强的种子氨基酸外渗量低,·OH清除速率和H_(2)O_(2)含量随老化时间延长呈下降趋势,不同活力种子间差异不显著。随老化时间延长,种胚内的可溶性糖、Pro含量、DHA活性及POD活性出现不同程度下降,活力强的种子仍能保持较高调节物质含量及酶活性。DHA活性、POD活性及Pro含量与种子活力显著相关,说明可通过测定这些生理指标判定种子的活力水平及耐贮性。In order to study the correlation between physiological indexes and seed vigor in aging seeds,the method of artificial accelerated aging with high temperature and high humidity was used to treat 3 maize hybrids with different vigor,changes in physiological and biochemical indicators such as the water absorption characteristics of maize seeds,extravasation substances,ROS,important enzymes and regulatory substances under different aging treatments were determined.The results showed that the water absorption capacity of the seeds was gradually inhibited after swelling for 12-24 h as the aging degree deepened.The vigorous seeds had low amino acid extravasation.The content of H_(2)O_(2) and the removal rate of·OH showed downward trend with the aging time,and there was no significant difference among different vigor seeds.As the aging time prolonged,the soluble sugar,Pro content,DHA activity and POD activity in the embryos decreased to varying degrees,and the vigorous seeds still could maintain higher regulatory substance content and enzyme activity.DHA activity,POD activity and Pro content were extremely significantly correlated with the four indexes of seed vigor.So maize seed vigor level and storage tolerance could be determined by measuring these physiological indicators.

关 键 词：玉米种子 老化处理 种子吸水特性 生理特性 氨基酸外渗物 酶和调节物质 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]