基础实验试题C:迈克耳孙干涉仪及其应用  

Fundamental test C:Michelson interferometer and its application

作　　者：廖怡 秦珠 冯列峰[1] 王永祥 蒋学慧[2] 许宝忠[2] LIAO Yi;QIN Zhu;FENG Lie-feng;WANG Yong-xiang;JIANG Xue-hui;XU Bao-zhong(Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin 300354;School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院应用物理系,天津300354 [2]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《物理实验》2021年第11期20-24,31,共6页Physics Experimentation

基　　金：天津大学校级重点教改项目(No.Z202122)。

摘　　要：介绍了第7届全国大学生物理实验竞赛基础实验试题C的实验内容、实验原理及部分参考答案,并对实验竞赛结果进行评析.基础实验试题C包括利用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量空气的折射率、透明薄玻璃片的厚度和待测液体的质量分数3道试题.其涵盖的理论推导具有相似性,通过引导学生从理解基础的干涉原理出发,合理选用实验方法,推证测量公式,自拟实验方案并进行实验测量.试题整体由易至难,考查了学生对基础干涉理论知识的理解和运用能力以及基本的实验操作能力.The experiment content,principle,solutions and result analysis of the fundamental test C of the 7th Chinese Undergraduate Physics Experiment Competition were given.The fundamental test C consisted of three physical parameters measured by the Michelson interferometer:air refractive index,thickness of thin glass sheet and liquid mass fraction.The related methods derivation for measuring these parameters was quite similar,and therefore the purpose was to guide students to select the reasonable experimental methods,derive formulas and design relevant experimental scheme after understanding the basic interference principle.Overall,the test was set from easy to difficult and was to examine students’ability to understand and apply basic interference theory knowledge,as well as the basic experimental operation ability.

关 键 词：迈克耳孙干涉仪 折射率 零光程差 厚度 质量分数 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]