层析SAR技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Tomographic SAR Techniques

作　　者：李芳芳 刘宁[1,2,3] 李新武 韩冰 洪文[1,2] LI Fangfang;LIU Ning;LI Xinwu;HAN Bing;HONG Wen(Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China;Key Laboratory of Technology in Geospatial Information Processing and Application System, Beijing 100190, China;School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院空间信息处理与应用系统技术重点实验室,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049 [4]中国科学院数字地球重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《雷达科学与技术》2021年第5期610-624,共15页Radar Science and Technology

摘　　要：合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)通过将三维场景投影到距离-方位平面获取场景二维成像信息,但由此导致的叠掩问题影响图像解译。层析合成孔径雷达(Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar,TomoSAR)利用同一场景的多次航过数据在高程向合成孔径,获取目标三维成像结果,能够从根本上解决叠掩问题。本文从层析SAR信号模型出发,描述了不同维度下的层析SAR成像算法,系统地总结了应用于层析SAR研究的各机载和星载系统,阐述了层析SAR在城区、森林和冰川等场景下的应用,对于城区建筑物信息提取、森林参数信息提取和冰川结构参数提取中面临的主要问题和现有解决策略进行了详细的分析。最后,总结本文内容并展望层析SAR技术的发展前景。Synthetic aperture radar(SAR)obtains two-dimensional image of illuminated scene by projecting the three-dimensional real scene onto a slant-azimuth plane,which causes layover problem and affects image interpretation.Tomographic synthetic aperture radar(TomoSAR)can obtain three-dimensional reflectivity of scene by extending the aperture principle into the elevation direction,and thus solve the layover problem fundamentally.In this paper,we first give the tomographic SAR signal model and describe the TomoSAR processing algorithm under different dimension.Then,the airborne and spaceborne SAR systems used in TomoSAR researches are presented.Furthermore,we show the applications of TomoSAR techniques in information extraction of urban buildings,parameter extraction of forest,and structure extraction of glaciers.Some relevant problems are analyzed and the possible solutions are discussed.At last,a summary is given and the future research prospects are presented.

关 键 词：层析SAR 三维重构 建筑物信息提取 森林参数提取 冰川结构参数提取 

分 类 号：TN957.52[电子电信—信号与信息处理]