汉代人的“泣”——从相关文本语言结构分析展开  

On the“Weeping”in the Han Dynasty——From the perspective of related language structure analysis

作　　者：乔卫星 QIAO Weixing(College of History,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京102488

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2021年第5期16-21,共6页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

摘　　要：先秦和两汉时期的历史文本中多见对时人泣的记述。通过对相关语言结构分析发现,男子之泣主要表现为"某人泣",因已出现的负面事实触发悲伤心境而致。妇人之泣多为"向某人泣(曰)",为试图避免将要出现的负面结果,争取自身利益而泣言,以其与动作对象之间"亲"的情感关系为前提。与先秦不同,汉代君臣与臣民之间也出现了"妇人之泣"的行为,"臣"这一群体主动将父子之亲引入到君臣之义,将家庭中的"私爱"泛化于公事,反映了其在封建家长制形成过程中的主动参与与积极建构。The historical texts of the pre-Qin and the Han dynasties frequently record the weeping of people in their times.Through the analysis of the relevant language structure,it is found that male weepings are mainly manifested as"someone’s weep",which are triggered by the negative facts that have emerged.Women’s weepings are predominantly"weeping to someone",because they try to avoid the negative results that are about to occur and fight for their own interests,and the intimacy relationship is prerequisite.In sharp contrast to the pre-Qin period,the Han dynasties male group also adopted the action of"weeping to someone"in their communication,reflecting the active role of"subordinate officials"in the introduction of private relation into public affairs,and in the construction of feudal patriarchy.

关 键 词：“泣” 家长制 君臣关系 汉代 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]