湖北省不同地区茅苍术的遗传多态性分析  

Genetic diversity of Atractylodes lancea in different regions of Hubei Province

作　　者：刘丹 刘志芳 周灿 肖刚 薛襟祺 王学奎[1] LIU Dan;LIU Zhifang;ZHOU Can;XIAO Gang;XUE Jinqi;WANG Xuekui(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Lüxinyuan Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd,Yingshan 438000,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部长江中游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北绿欣源农业开发有限公司,英山438000

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2021年第6期7-18,共12页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技部“中医药现代化研究”重点专项(2017YFC1701000);校企合作项目(0220160228)。

摘　　要：利用83对SSR分子标记,对81份茅苍术、5份白术材料进行遗传多样性分析并构建DNA指纹图谱,考察86份材料的表型数据、药用品质、构建化学指纹图谱,探究不同材料在遗传结构上的差异,同时结合表型性状、药用品质与化学指纹图谱分析,为茅苍术的育种和应用研究提供理论依据。结果显示:83对SSR引物共扩增出420个位点,多态性位点数占97.14%;基于SSR分子标记的聚类分析遗传距离是0.63(此时可将茅苍术与白术完全分开);对同居群材料进行群体结构遗传分析,发现遗传变异来源于群体内而不是群体间;供试材料的表型数据与药用品质数据相关性分析与聚类分析结果显示,倒4叶长与倒4叶宽、茎秆颜色、茎粗、株高之间、叶裂深度和上部分枝数之间、茎秆颜色和茎秆形状之间、茎粗和上部分枝数之间,都呈显著正相关(P<0.05);茎秆形状与下部分枝数之间呈显著负相关;Q值与苍术素含量之间呈显著负相关;β-桉叶醇含量与醚浸出物含量之间呈极显著正相关;通过HPLC化学指纹图谱相似度比较以及共有峰峰面积量化后的聚类分析,供试材料指纹图谱相似度在0.80~1.00,白术与茅苍术的相似度达到0.89。结果表明:茅苍术与白术遗传背景差异较大,且茅苍术的遗传基础更加复杂,两者在活性成分间存在较大差异,但茅苍术材料间的差异相对较小;可从基因层面区分茅苍术和白术2个不同的品种,同时为筛选、鉴定高产、优质、抗病、高活性成分的茅苍术栽培种提供理论依据。83 pairs of SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 81 A.lancea materials and 5 Atractylodes macrocephala in different regions of Hubei Province and to construct DNA fingerprints.At the same time,the phenotypic data and medicinal quality of 86 materials were investigated,and chemical fingerprints were constructed.The results showed that a total of 420 loci were amplified by 83 pairs of SSR primers,and the number of polymorphic loci accounted for 97.14%.The genetic distance of cluster analysis based on SSR molecular markers was 0.63(A.lancea and A.macrocephala can be completely separated).The genetic analysis of the population structure of different populations of materials revealed that the genetic variation originated from within the population,not between the populations.The correlation analysis and cluster analysis of the phenotypic data and the medicinal quality data of the materials tested found that there was a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)between the length of the bottom 4 leaves and the width of the bottom 4 leaves,the culm color,the culm diameter,the plant height,between the depth of leaf cracks and the number of branches in the upper part,between the culm color and the culm shape,and between the culm diameter and the number of branches in the upper part.There was a significant negative correlation between the culm shape and the number of branches in the lower part.The Q value(ratio of oil area and total root area)was significantly negatively correlated with the content of atractylodine.The content ofβ-eucalyptus was significantly positively correlated with the content of ether extract.The similarity of fingerprints of the materials tested was 0.80-1.00,and the similarity of Atractylodes macrocephala and Atractylodes macrocephala reached 0.89 through comparing the similarity of HPLC chemical fingerprint and analyzing the cluster of shared peak areas after quantification.It is indicated that the genetic background of A.lancea and A.macrocephala are quite different,a

关 键 词：茅苍术 SSR分子标记 遗传多样性 HPLC指纹图谱 

分 类 号：S567.211[农业科学—中草药栽培] S324[农业科学—作物学]