ERA5风场与NCEP风场在黄海、东海波浪模拟的适用性对比研究  

A comparative study on the applicability of ERA5 wind and NCEP wind for wave simulation in the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea

作　　者：谭海燕 邵珠晓 梁丙臣[1] 高慧君 TAN Haiyan;SHAO Zhuxiao;LIANG Bingchen;GAO Huijun(College of Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋通报》2021年第5期524-540,共17页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51739010)。

摘　　要：全球再分析数据集已成为研究气候规律和数值模拟的重要工具,其中海面风场数据集是波浪模拟的重要资料,风场资料的准确性是影响海浪要素模拟结果的关键因素,不同的海面风场资料在中国各个海域的适用性具有不确定性。利用黄海、东海海域的12个观测点,选取了2006—2018年间的11场台风进行对比,验证了ERA5和NCEP风场在台风期间与常海况下的风速;模拟了中国近海海域的波浪场,与范围内15个测站的有效波高及谱峰周期进行了对比验证;分析了ERA5和NCEP风场在黄海、东海波浪模拟的适用性。主要结果如下:(1)风场质量是造成台风浪模拟误差的主要原因之一,研究区域内ERA5风场在台风期间的风速大小与实测资料具有较高一致性;长江口邻近海域内,ERA5风速相关性在0.8以上;江苏海域内,ERA5风速相关性在0.9以上;(2)分别采用ERA5和NCEP再分析风场资料作为驱动风场输入Mike21SW模型,较好地模拟了黄海、东海海域在不同海况下的波浪变化情况;在江苏海域,ERA5资料模拟波高值与浮标测站观测波高资料相关性超过0.85,平均绝对误差不超过0.2 m;(3)两种风场在江苏海域、长江口及其邻海的适用性比黄海北部更好。结果表明,NCEP和ERA5在中国近海海域波浪模拟的适用性有差异,在江苏海域、长江口及其邻海,基于ERA5的数值模拟结果相对于NCEP模拟结果精度提高。The global reanalysis dataset has become an important tool for the numerical studying of global climate.The sea surface wind dataset is important to wave simulations,and the accuracy of the wind is key to the simulation results of wave.The applicability of different sea surface wind data in various seas of China is uncertain.In this paper,11 typhoons between 2006 and 2018 were taken for comparison using 12 observation stations in the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea,and the ERA5 and NCEP wind dataset were verified during typhoons and under normal sea conditions;the wave in offshore waters were simulated,and the significant wave heights and spectral peak periods of 15 stations in the range were compared and ver-ified;the applicability of ERA5 and NCEP wind dataset in the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea was analyzed.The main re-sults are as follows:(1)the wind dataset quality is one of the main causes of the error in typhoon wave simulation.The wind speed magnitude of ERA5 wind dataset in the study area during the typhoon is in high agreement with the measured data,with the correlation of ERA5 wind speed above 0.8 in the Changjiang Estuary waters and above 0.9 in the sea area of Jiangsu.(2)ERA5 and NCEP reanalysis wind data are input to Mike21's SW model respectively;the correlation between the simulated wave heights of ERA5 data and the observed wave heights of buoy stations is more than 0.85,and the average absolute error does not exceed 0.2m in Jiangsu sea.(3)The simulated wave characteristics are influenced by the sea area,and the simulation of the two kinds of wind data in Jiangsu waters and the Changjiang Estuary is better than that in the northern Huanghai Sea.The results show that there is a difference in the applicability of NCEP and ERA5 in Chinese offshore waters,the numerical simulation results based on ERA5 are more accurate than those based on NCEP.

关 键 词：东海 黄海 再分析资料 波高模拟 适用性分析 

分 类 号：P732[天文地球—海洋科学]