2018—2020年福建省孕28周以下出生缺陷儿的情况分析  

Analysis of birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：林英英 朱文斌[1] 林娟[2] 修晓燕[2] 颜建英[2] LIN Ying-ying;ZHU Wen-bin;LIN Juan;XIU Xiao-yan;YAN Jian-ying(Department of Healthcare,Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fujian Province,Fuzhou350001,China;Department of Obstetrics,Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fujian Province,Fuzhou350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省妇幼保健院保健部,福建福州350001 [2]福建省妇幼保健院产科,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2021年第32期180-183,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1000102-4)。

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2020年福建省孕28周以下出生缺陷儿情况,为出生缺陷综合防治提供依据。方法收集2018年1月至2020年12月福建省出生缺陷监测体系内103所医院的围生儿临床资料,并对孕28周以下出生缺陷儿的各项资料进行统计分析。结果2018—2020年共监测围生儿795475例,出生缺陷儿31475例,其中孕龄<28周者7241例(23.01%)。孕28周以下出生缺陷儿的治疗性引产率为97.51%,畸形确诊时间以产前确诊居多,诊断依据以超声和染色体为主,转归以死胎死产为主。孕28周以下出生缺陷儿在孕母年龄、常住地、胎儿性别等方面比较有较大差异,高龄产妇、常住地为城镇以及男婴的出生缺陷发生率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。孕28周以下出生缺陷儿的疾病类型前5位分别为先天性心脏病、总唇裂、唐氏综合征、神经管畸形和脐膨出。结论孕28周以下出生缺陷儿以严重致死致残出生缺陷为主,开展出生缺陷综合防治,应对不同孕龄出生缺陷的特点进行全面考量,统筹制定防控策略。Objective To analyze the birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2020,and provide basis for comprehensive prevention and treatment of birth defects.Methods Clinical data of perinatal infants from 103 hospitals in the birth defect surveillance system of Fujian Province from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected,and various data of birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks were statistically analyzed.Results From 2018 to 2020,a total of 795475 perinatal infants and 31475 birth defects were monitored,of which 7241 cases had a gestational age less than 28 weeks(23.01%).The therapeutic induction rate of infants with birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks was 97.51%.Most malformation was diagnosed prenatally and mainly based on ultrasound or chromosomes,with the main outcome was generally stillbirth.Birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks differed greatly in maternal age,usual residence and fetal gender.The incidence of birth defects was higher among women with advanced age,urban residents and male infants,with the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The five major types of birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks were congenital heart disease,the cleft lip with or without cleft palate,Down′s syndrome,neural tube defects and umbilical bulge.Conclusion Birth defects of gestational age less than 28 weeks are mainly severely lethal and disabling birth defects.Comprehensive consideration,along with prevention and control strategies,should be given to the characteristics of birth defects of different gestational ages.

关 键 词：出生缺陷 产前筛查 三级预防 高龄 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]