阻燃型交联疏水纳米纤维素气凝胶的性能研究  

Study on the properties of flame retardant crosslinked hydrophobic nano cellulose aerogels

作　　者：岳小鹏 周福城 刘彦仁 王志伟 何佳琛 YUE Xiao-peng;ZHOU Fu-cheng;LIU Yan-ren;WANG Zhi-wei;HE Jia-chen(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper,Key Laboratory of Paper based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China;College of Light Industry and Food Engineering,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp&Papermaking and Pollution Control,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Shaanxi Huahaoxuan New Energy Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713499,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室中国轻工业纸基功能材料重点实验室轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,陕西西安710021 [2]广西大学轻工与食品工程学院广西清洁化制浆造纸与污染控制重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [3]陕西华浩轩新能源科技开发有限公司,陕西咸阳713499

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2021年第6期75-82,共8页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：广西清洁化制浆造纸与污染控制重点实验室开放基金项目(2021KF30);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2019-GY-195)。

摘　　要：利用三聚氰胺甲醛(MF)树脂和甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)对纳米纤维素(CNF)进行改性处理,通过冷冻干燥工艺成功制备了阻燃型CNF气凝胶.结果表明:MF和MTMS与CNF之间发生了化学交联反应,使得Si-CNF/MF气凝胶微观孔状结构明显缩小并且增多,从而提高了气凝胶的压缩强度、压缩模量以及比模量.同时,Si-CNF/MF气凝胶具有良好的疏水性能(接触角达到132.3°).此外,Si-CNF/MF气凝胶相比纯CNF气凝胶的极限氧指数(LOI)值从19.5%增加到37.1%,垂直燃烧测试(UL-94)也达到了V-0等级.同时,微型量热(MCC)测试表明,Si-CNF/MF气凝胶的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)相比纯CNF气凝胶从53.2 W/g降低为26.3 W/g,总热释放量(THR)从9.8 kJ/g降低到了3.5 kJ/g,证明Si-CNF/MF气凝胶具有优异的阻燃性能.气凝胶的残炭分析结果表明,在CNF气凝胶阻燃改性中,MF与MTMS之间可能存在气相-凝聚相协同阻燃效应.Nanocellulose(CNF)was modified with melamine formaldehyde(MF)resin and methyl-trimethoxysilane(MTMS),and flame retardant CNF aerogel was successfully prepared via freeze-drying process.The results showed that the chemical cross-linking reaction occurred between MF/MTMS and CNF,and resulting in the reduced size and increased amount of Si-CNF/MF aerogel microporous structure,which improved the compression strength,compression modulus and specific modulus of aerogel.Meanwhile,Si-CNF/MF aerogel exhibited good hydrophobic properties(contact angle up to 132.3°).In addition,the limiting oxygen index(LOI)value of Si-CNF/MF aerogel increased from 19.5%to 37.1%compared with pure CNF aerogel,and the vertical combustion test(UL-94)also achieved V-0 rating.Meanwhile,the microcalorimeric(MCC)test showed that the peak heat release rate(PHRR)of Si-CNF/MF aerogel decreased from 53.2 W/g to 26.3 W/g,and the total heat release(THR)decreased from 9.8 kJ/g to 3.5 kJ/g,indicating that Si-CNF/MF aerogel exhibited excellent flame retardant properties.The results of carbon residue analysis of aerogel indicate that there may be a synergistic flame retardant effect existed both in gas phase and condensed phase between MF and MTMS.

关 键 词：纳米纤维素 气凝胶 化学交联 阻燃性能 协效作用 

分 类 号：TS721[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程] TQ352[化学工程]