污染地块土壤多氯联苯风险筛选值研究  

Study on the soil screening levels for polychlorinated biphenyls of contaminated sites

作　　者：崔勇[1,2,3] 陈果 宁禹航[1,4] 李亚斌 王安钰 王坚 CUI Yong;CHEN Guo;NING Yuhang;LI Yabin;WANG Anyu;WWANG Jian(Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shenyang 110167;National Environmental Engineering Technology Center for Hazardous Waste Treatment,Shenyang 110167;Technology Innovation Center for Hazardous Waste Treatment of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110167;Shenyang Huanke Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110015)

机构地区：[1]沈阳环境科学研究院,沈阳110167 [2]国家环境保护危险废物处置工程技术(沈阳)中心,沈阳110167 [3]辽宁省危险废物处置专业技术创新中心,沈阳110167 [4]沈阳环科检测技术有限公司,沈阳110015

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第11期4676-4685,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2019YFC1805600);辽宁省重点研发计划(No.2020020218⁃JH2/103)。

摘　　要：污染地块土壤多氯联苯(PCBs)污染主要来自含PCBs电力设备封存点的泄漏及非故意产生源,建立土壤PCBs筛选标准是开展PCBs污染地块调查、评估和修复的基础.本研究通过文献分析统计了典型PCBs单体的占比,并基于人体健康风险评估模型推导了污染地块土壤PCBs风险筛选值.结果表明,不同商用PCBs混合物中共平面PCBs总量(ΣCo⁃PCBs)占比为0.01%~16.10%,难以代表PCBs的总体风险水平.研究建立了PCBs总量、指示性PCBs总量(ΣId⁃PCBs)及ΣCo⁃PCBs等3个指标共同作为土壤PCBs筛选值体系,敏感用地和非敏感用地情景下,PCBs总量、ΣId⁃PCBs、ΣCo⁃PCBs分别为2.10、0.24、0.03mg·kg^(-1)和6.20、0.71、0.09mg·kg^(-1).通过6个含PCBs电容器地下封存点485个污染土壤样品的分析,进一步证明了仅控制ΣCo⁃PCBs将低估PCBs污染风险,采用本研究提出的3个指标进行筛选能够更有效地识别和评估PCBs污染地块的风险.Soil contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)is mainly caused by the leakage of PCB⁃containing electrical-equipment storage facilities and the emission of unintentional production sources.Establishing the soil PCBs screening level is the basis for the investigation,evaluation and remediation of PCB⁃contaminated sites.This study performed a literature analysis of the proportions of typical PCBs congeners and derived the PCBs soil screening levels based on the human health⁃risk assessment model.The results showed that the total coplanar PCBs(ΣCo⁃PCBs)in different commercial PCB mixtures accounted for only 0.01%~16.10%,which is unlikely to represent the overall risk level of PCBs.We then established three risk indicators:total PCBs,total indicative PCBs(ΣId⁃PCBs)andΣCo⁃PCBs and proposed their soil screening levels as 2.10,0.24 and 0.03 mg·kg^(-1) in sensitive land-use scenarios and 6.20,0.71 and 0.09 mg·kg^(-1) in non⁃sensitive land⁃use scenarios,respectively.After analysing 485 contaminated soil samples from six underground storage sites of capacitors containing PCBs,we confirmed that controlling theΣCo⁃PCBs alone would underestimate the risk of PCB contamination and screening with the three indicators can more effectively identify and assess the risk of PCBs⁃contaminated sites.

关 键 词：污染地块 土壤 多氯联苯 筛选值 风险评估 毒性当量因子 修复目标 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X833