羊卓雍错不同湖区水体真菌群落结构及其多样性  

Community structure and diversity of the aquatic fungal in different areas of Yamzhog Yumco Lake

作　　者：郝兆 王艳红 德吉[1] 郭小芳[1] HAO Zhao;WANG Yanhong;DE Ji;GUO Xiaofang(School of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《生态学报》2021年第20期8285-8296,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960024);2019年中央支持地方高校改革发展基金项目(藏财预指[2019]01号);西藏大学科研培育基金项目(ZDCZJH18-06);西藏大学研究生高水平人才培养计划项目(2018-GSP-014)。

摘　　要：湖泊水体真菌能够对水体变化做出迅速响应,在湖泊生态系统地球化学循环中扮演着非常重要的角色。以羊卓雍错、空母错以及沉错为研究对象,利用高通量测序的方法探讨羊卓雍错水体真菌群落结构及多样性。结果表明,不同湖区水体理化因子差异较大。真菌群落主要由子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)等组成。α-多样性指数显示,羊卓雍错沿岸区OTU数显著高于羊卓雍错湖心区,其他α-多样性指数在不同湖区间差异不显著。NMDS分析显示,各湖区间真菌群落的β-多样性差异明显。聚类分析显示,同一湖区样点间水体真菌群落结构存在不同程度的差异,空母错与沉错交接处水体真菌群落结构较为相似。相关性分析及RDA分析结果表明,浊度、化学需氧量、氨氮以及总氮是影响羊卓雍错水体真菌丰富度的主要理化因子,总磷和氨氮是影响羊卓雍错各样点水体真菌群落结构的主要理化因子。羊卓雍错水体真菌资源比较丰富,人类活动及湖泊水文状况对水体真菌分布有较大影响。The aquatic fungal community is highly responsive to lake changes and greatly contributes to biogeochemical processes in lake ecosystems. Based on high-throughput sequencing, we analyzed characteristics of aquatic fungal community structure and diversity at different areas from the Yamzhog Yumco Lake, Kongmo CO Lake, and Chen CO Lake. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of the water were different among the different areas. The fungal community was mainly composed of Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota. The results of α-diversity index analysis showed that the operational taxonomic units(OTU) number was significantly higher(P<0.05) in coastal area of Yamzhog Yumco Lake than that in Yamzhog Yumco Lake center water, others α-diversity index were no significant differences between the different areas. Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS) analysis showed that the β-diversity of the fungal communities were significantly different among the different areas(P<0.05). The results of the agglomerative clustering analysis showed that the aquatic fungal community structure was different between the various sites on each area, aquatic fungal community structure was similar among the interchange between Kongmo Co Lake and Chen Co Lake. Statistical analysis indicated that turbidity(NTU), chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonia nitrogen(NH;-N) and total nitrogen(TN) were significantly positive related to aquatic fungal richness among different sites. The total phosphorus(TP) and NH;-N were important factors influencing the community structure of aquatic fungal in the Yamzhog Yumco Lake. The aquatic fungal community from Yamzhog Yumco Lake showed high species richness, hydrologic conditions and anthropogenic influenced were important factors for the aquatic fungal community.

关 键 词：高原湖泊 羊卓雍错 水体真菌 多样性 理化因子 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]