标准气体气瓶体积膨胀的精确测量  

Accurate Measurement of Volume Expansion of Standard Gas Cylinder

作　　者：王德发[1] 吴海[1] 黄鹏[1] 王振 王漫 刘智勇 冯和平 韩桥[1] WANG De-fa;WU Hai;HUANG Peng;WANG Zhen;WANG Man;LIU Zhi-yong;FENG He-ping;HAN Qiao(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《计量学报》2021年第10期1393-1397,共5页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFF0201101);国家质检总局量传项目(ALC1405);中国计量科学研究院基本业务费项目(AKY1327)。

摘　　要：目前普遍采用称量法制备标准气体,在此过程中气瓶体积膨胀所引入的空气浮力的不确定度贡献不可忽视。设计了一个气瓶充气膨胀率测量装置,该装置可以控制气瓶内充入气体的压力,并利用精密移液管测量气瓶体积的膨胀量,从而准确计算出气瓶的充气膨胀率。利用该装置对国内常见的2 L、4 L和8 L铝合金气瓶进行了测量,结果显示气瓶体积的膨胀与充入气体的压力近似成线性正相关。而且气瓶外观体积越大,充气膨胀率的数值越大,量值之间也呈现出较强的相关性。基于获得的气瓶充气膨胀率数据,可以进一步降低气瓶体积膨胀对瓶内充入气体质量的不确定度贡献,从而使气体质量的计算更加精确。At present,the Gravimetric method is widely used to prepare standard gas. In the process,the uncertainty contribution of air buoyancy introduced by cylinder volume expansion can not be ignored. A device for measuring the gas-filling expansion rate of cylinder is designed. The device can control the pressure of gas filled in cylinder,and measure the volume expansion of cylinder by a precise pipette,so as to accurately calculate the gas-filling expansion rate of cylinder. By using the device,the common 2 L,4 L,and 8 L aluminum alloy gas cylinders in China are measured. The results show that the expansion volume of cylinder is approximately linearly related to the gas pressure in the cylinder. Moreover,the larger cylinder appearance volume is,the larger gas-filling expansion rate is,and there is a strong correlation between cylinder appearance volume and gas-filling expansion rate. Based on the obtained gas-filling expansion rate data of cylinder,the contribution of cylinder volume expansion to the mass uncertainty of gas filled in cylinder can be further reduced,thus making the calculation of gas mass more accurate.

关 键 词：计量学 标准气体 气瓶 称量法 体积膨胀 不确定度 

分 类 号：TB99[一般工业技术—计量学]