花生饼发酵液对土壤养分及樱桃番茄产质量的影响  

Effects of Peanut Cake Fermented Broth on Yield and Quality of Cherry Tomato and Soil Nutrient

作　　者：雷菲 吴宇佳 曾建华 潘孝忠 刘国彪 张冬明 LEI Fei;WU Yujia;ZENG Jianhua;PAN Xiaozhong;LIU Guobiao;ZHANG Dongming(Institute of Agro-environment and Soil,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Hainan Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所/农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站/海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海南海口571100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第10期14-20,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省省属科研院所技术开发专项“壳寡糖和亚磷酸钾在辣椒上的施用技术与专用水溶肥的研究”(KYYS-2019-10);海南省重点研发计划项目“樱桃番茄化肥农药减施增效综合技术研究与示范”(ZDYF2018237)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明花生饼发酵液对土壤养分及樱桃番茄产质量的影响,为海南樱桃番茄的科学施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以千禧樱桃番茄为试材,研究不施肥(CK)、沟灌追施雅冉复合肥、水肥一体化施用雅冉复合肥、水肥一体化施用花生饼发酵液和水肥一体化施用中化水溶肥各处理土壤养分及樱桃番茄产质量的变化。【结果】水肥一体化施肥各处理樱桃番茄的产量、维生素C含量、总氮积累量、氮素回收率和土壤碱解氮含量分别为26.43~31.68 t/hm^(2)、29.40~31.66 mg/100g、168.17~200.68 kg/hm^(2)、26.65%~36.29%和120.90~132.50 mg/kg;水肥一体化施用花生饼发酵液樱桃番茄的产量、维生素C含量、总氮积累量、氮素回收率和土壤碱解氮含量分别为31.68 t/hm^(2)、31.66 mg/100g、188.66 kg/hm^(2)、32.73%和128.63 mg/kg,均高于沟灌追施雅冉复合肥处理,其中,产量和果实维生素C含量均为最高,较沟灌追施雅冉复合肥分别提高19.92%和7.69%;水肥一体化施用花生饼发酵液的土壤pH和有机质含量分别为5.30和1.90 g/kg,较沟灌追施雅冉复合肥分别提高0.15和2.15%。【结论】水肥一体化施用花生饼发酵液可改善土壤质量及提高樱桃番茄的产质量。【Objective】In order to provide the scientific basis for the scientific fertilization of cherry tomato in Hainan,the effects of peanut cake fermented broth on the yield and quality of cherry tomato and soil nutrient are studied.【Method】Qianxi cherry tomato is used as the test material.Five treatments are set up,including non-fertilization(CK),furrow irrigation with Yaran compound fertilizer,fertigation with Yaran compound fertilizer,fertigation with peanut cake fermented broth,and fertigation with Sinofert soluble fertilizer,to study the variation in yield and quality of tomato cherry and soil nutrients.【Result】The yield,vitamin C content,total nitrogen accumulation and N recovery efficiency of cherry tomato and soil available nitrogen content treated with various fertigation are 26.43─31.68 t/hm^(2),29.40─31.66 mg/100g,168.17─200.68 kg/hm^(2),26.65%─36.29%and 120.90─132.50 mg/kg respectively.The yield,vitamin C content,total nitrogen accumulation,N recovery efficiency of cherry tomato and soil available nitrogen content treated with fertigation with peanut cake fermented broth are 31.68 t/hm^(2),31.66 mg/100g,188.66 kg/hm^(2),32.73%and 128.63 mg/kg,respectively,higher than those of the furrow irrigation with Yaran compound fertilizer treatment.The yield and fruit vitamin C content of cherry tomato are the highest under peanut cake fermented broth treatment,which is significantly increased by 19.92%and 7.69%compared with furrow irrigation with Yaran compound fertilizer.In addition,soil pH and organic matter content under fertigation with peanut cake fermented broth treatment are 5.30 and 1.90 g/kg,which are increased by 0.15%and 2.15%compared with those of furrow irrigation with Yaran compound fertilizer.【Conclusion】Fertigation with peanut cake fermented broth treatment could promote the yield and quality of cherry tomato and improve soil quality.

关 键 词：花生饼发酵液 樱桃番茄 产量 品质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S641.206.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]