某型航空钮子开关铆钉断裂失效分析及环境适应性提升  

Fracture Failure Analysis and Environmental Adaptability Improvement of Rivet for a Certain Type of Aeronautical Toggle Switch

作　　者：高晶晶 陆楠 夏小春 刘克刚 梅宇飞 张新健 张艳 杜翠玲 GAO Jing-jing;LU Nan;XIA Xiao-chun;LIU Ke-gang;MEI Yu-fei;ZHANG Xin-jian;ZHANG Yan;DU Cui-ling(Avic Shanghai Aviation Electric Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201101,China;Air Force Equipment’s NO.3 Military Representative Office in Shanghai,Shanghai 201101,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航空电器有限公司,上海201101 [2]空装驻上海地区第三军事代表室,上海201101

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2021年第11期91-96,共6页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的解决某型航空钮子开关中H62黄铜铆钉在湿热试验后出现的断裂问题,保证钮子开关适应自然和诱导环境的能力,从而提高整机的环境适应性及可靠性。方法采用ANSYS有限元仿真分析、扫描电子显微分析及光谱分析等方法,从整个开关系统入手,对断裂铆钉的受力状态、材质、显微组织及壳体的析出离子进行了深入分析,探明了铆钉的失效原因及机理,并提出了从零部件到产品级的对策。结果铆钉的断裂为典型的解理断裂,断口覆盖了大量的腐蚀产物,开关壳体释放的NH4+导致铆钉产生了应力腐蚀断裂。结论黄铜铆钉的断裂失效是由于开关下壳体在湿热环境的诱导下释放出氨气,氨气浸入到长时间受拉应力的铆钉中产生了应力腐蚀。因此,在铆钉科研试制时即需评估其在钮子开关系统中的环境适应性。This paper aims to solve the fracture failure problem of H62 brass rivet for a certain type of aeronautical toggle switch in humidity-heat test,guarantee the toggle switch’s ability to adapt to natural and induced environment,so as to improve the environmental adaptability and reliability of the whole machine.During the research,we adopt ANSYS Finite Element Analysis,Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis,Spectral Analysis and other methods.Starting from the whole switch system,we perform in-depth analysis of the forced state,material,microstructure and ions precipitated from the housing of the fractured rivet,ascertain the failure reason and mechanism of the rivet,and propose countermeasures from parts to product level.The fracture of rivet is a typical cleavage fracture,and the fracture is covered with a great amount of corrosion product,and the re-lease of NH4+from the switch housing leads to stress corrosion fracture of rivet.Conclusion could be drawn that the fracture failure of brass rivet is due to the release of ammonia gas from lower switch housing induced by the damp and hot environment,and the ammonia gas immerses into the rivet subjected to tensile stress for a long time,resulting in stress corrosion.Therefore the environmental adaptability of rivet in toggle switch system is supposed to be preferentially evaluated during scientific re-search and trial production.

关 键 词：铆钉 湿热试验 氨 应力腐蚀断裂 环境适应性 

分 类 号：V229.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]