石墨烯量子点在分离膜材料中的应用研究进展  

Application Progress of Graphene Quantum Dots in Membrane Separation Materials

作　　者：于桐 邵文尧[2] 洪专 吴晨溥 沈路钫 谢全灵 YU Tong;SHAO Wenyao;HONG Zhuan;WU Chenpu;SHEN Lufang;XIE Quanling(Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen 361005,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第三海洋研究所,厦门361005 [2]厦门大学化学化工学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第21期21143-21150,21158,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：福建省科技计划引导性项目(2019H0049);自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2019012);厦门海洋研究开发院共建项目(K200103)。

摘　　要：在传统分离膜中引入纳米材料,有望解决选择性与渗透性之间存在的Trade-off效应、膜污染、化学稳定性等关键共性技术难题。零维石墨烯量子点(GQDs)纳米材料具有尺寸小、比表面积大、亲水性强等突出优点,在分离膜材料领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文归纳了基于界面聚合、相转化、表面改性等常规制膜方法,将GQDs或改性GQDs引入活性层(表层)、中间层或支撑层(亚层)等膜基质中,实现调控与优化分离膜结构与性能的最新研究进展。探讨了GQDs与改性GQDs对界面聚合“反应-扩散”过程、铸膜液热力学与相转化动力学过程以及层状膜层间距的影响机制,并阐述了引入GQDs或改性GQDs赋予分离膜抑菌、自清洁、荧光检测等新功能的原因。最后,展望了基于GQDs开发新型膜材料所面临的机遇和挑战。The introductions of nanomaterials into traditional membrane materials are expected to overcome the key technical problems such as tradeoff effect between selectivity and permeability,membrane fouling and chemical stability.Zero-dimensional graphene quantum dots(GQDs)have outstanding advantages of ultra-small size,large specific surface area and strong hydrophilicity.In this paper,the latest research progress about introducing GQDs or modified GQDs into membrane matrix via conventional membrane preparation methods are summarized to manipulate and optimize structures and separation performance.The influence mechanisms of GQDs or modified GQDs on the“reaction-diffusion”of interfacial polymerization process,thermodynamics of casting solution and kinetics of phase inversion,as well as the interlayer spacing of laminated membranes are discussed.The reasons why GQDs or modified GQDs endow separation membranes with new functionalities such as antibacte-rial,self-cleaning and fluorescence detection are elaborated.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of developing novel GQDs-incorporated membranes are prospected.

关 键 词：石墨烯量子点 分离膜 纳米复合膜 混合基质膜 表面改性 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学] TB324[理学—化学]