先驱体转化陶瓷涂层的裂解方法研究进展  

Research Progress in Pyrolysis Method of Polymer Derived Ceramic Coatings

作　　者：李恩重 郭伟玲 刘军[2] 于鹤龙 徐滨士[1] LI Enzhong;GUO Weiling;LIU Jun;YU Helong;XU Binshi(National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;National Engineering Research Center for Mechanical Product Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军装甲兵学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室,北京100072 [2]陆军装甲兵学院机械产品再制造国家工程研究中心,北京100072

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第21期21151-21158,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51805540);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(3192040);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0207905)。

摘　　要：随着金属零部件服役工况条件的日益苛刻,针对金属零部件不同的服役条件和失效特点,选择不同的陶瓷材料体系,采用适当工艺技术在金属零部件表面制备高性能的陶瓷涂层防护涂层并赋予其特殊功能,已成为解决金属零部件在苛刻工况下可靠服役的有效途径。先驱体转化陶瓷法作为一种原位制备陶瓷涂层的新型方法,利用先驱体聚合物良好的流动性、成型性、分子结构可设计性等特点,将先驱体涂层通过裂解转化为陶瓷涂层,在材料表面形成致密的防护涂层。裂解是先驱体从有机物转化为陶瓷涂层的重要途径,传统加热炉裂解利用程序化升温可在金属、多孔材料、纤维或纤维增强复合材料表面实现陶瓷涂层的连续化、批量化制备,设备简单,易于控制,但加热炉裂解对基体的热影响大,无法在熔点较低或结构复杂的基体上制备陶瓷涂层。激光裂解可选择性地控制热量的输入,裂解迅速、加热均匀,对基体热影响小,可制备出具有特殊成分的陶瓷涂层,但先驱体要能够吸收激光,激光裂解效率较低。离子辐照是无热裂解方式,裂解迅速,但效率低、成本较高。本文总结了先驱体转化陶瓷涂层裂解方法的研究进展,分析了加热炉裂解、激光裂解和离子辐照裂解的优缺点。未来将探索新的可控制备陶瓷涂层的方法与技术,揭示先驱体转化陶瓷微观结构的演变规律,实现陶瓷涂层致密化和裂纹缺陷的精确控制是今后需要重点发展的方向。As the service environment of metal parts become more and more demanding,according to the different environment and failure characteristics of metal parts,different ceramic material systems and appropriate technologies are selected to prepare high-performance ceramic protective coating on the surface of metal parts and giving it special functions.The preparation of ceramic protective coatings on metal parts has become an effective way to solve the problem of reliable service of metal parts under harsh working conditions.As a new method of in-situ preparation of ceramic coating,polymer derived ceramic method takes advantage of the good fluidity,formability and designability of molecular structure of the precursor polymer,the polymer coating transformed into ceramic coating by pyrolysis,and dense protective coating is formed on the surface of the substrate material.Pyrolysis is an important way for precursors to transform from organic to ceramic coating.Traditional furnace pyrolysis uses setting heating program to achieve continuous and batch preparation of ceramic coatings on the surface of metals,porous materials,fibers or fiber-reinforced composite materials.The furnace pyrolysis simple and easy to control,but it has a great thermal effect on the substrate,then it is impossible to prepare ceramic coating on substrate with low melting point or complex structure.Laser pyrolysis can selectively control the heat input,with uniform heating rate and fast pyrolysis,and laser pyrolysis has little thermal effect on the substrate.Ceramic coatings with special compositions can be prepared by laser pyrolysis,while the precursor must be able to absorb laser,and the efficiency of laser pyrolysis is low.Ion beam irradiation is a non-thermal cracking method,which the pyrolysis speed is high,but has low efficiency and high cost.In this paper,the research progress in pyrolysis method of polymer derived ceramic coatings is summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of pyrolysis methods including furnace pyrolysis,laser pyrolysis

关 键 词：先驱体转化陶瓷法 硅基聚合物 裂解方法 陶瓷涂层 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]