铁铝金属间化合物及其涂层制备的研究进展  

Research Progress on Preparation of Fe-Al Intermetallic Compounds and Coatings

作　　者：王优 邓楠 佟振峰 周张健[1] WANG You;DENG Nan;TONG Zhenfeng;ZHOU Zhangjian(School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,North China Electric Powder University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]华北电力大学核科学与工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第21期21221-21227,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1967212);国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0306100)。

摘　　要：铁铝金属间化合物凭借其较高的高温抗蠕变能力、良好的耐磨性、抗高温氧化和硫化等优点得到了广泛关注,但其具有B2、DO_(3)和A2三种晶体结构,晶型难以准确控制,且DO_(3)结构在室温下脆性高,给制备和加工带来困难。这些缺点极大地限制了铁铝金属间化合物在工业中的应用。本文总结了包括传统熔铸法和粉末冶金法等常见的铁铝金属间化合物块体材料的制备方法,并重点介绍了近年来发展起来的增材制造法和冷喷涂、热喷涂等涂层制备方法。同时,针对涂层材料中铁铝两相的反应控制这一关键问题,本文聚焦如何预判铁铝涂层界面反应中原位生成的铁铝金属间化合物的化合反应发生顺序的研究现状,分析对比了两种预判方法——相图法和焓变值计算法。其中,相图只能表征热平衡状态下的相分布,各相区域代表该温度、成分条件下所能获得的最终产物,局限性大,较难准确预测实际热处理过程中铁铝金属间化合物的出现顺序和种类。通过从热力学角度进行焓变值计算,结合Kirchhoff公式,可计算并绘制常见铁铝金属间化合物的焓变值-温度曲线,进而分析铁铝金属间化合物的反应发生顺序。焓变值计算法的理论结果与已报道的实验结果具有较高的一致性,弥补了相图法的不足,对制备特定的铁铝金属间化合物具有十分重要的指导意义。Fe-Al intermetallic compounds have been widely focused due to their high creep resistance,good wear resistance,and high-temperature anti-oxidation and vulcanization resistance.However,these compounds contain three grain structures,B2,DO_(3)and A2,which are difficult to control them accurately.Also,high brittleness at room temperature of DO_(3)brings difficulties in preparation and processing.These shortcomings greatly limit the application of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds.This paper summarized several common preparation methods of Fe-Al intermetallic compound block materials including traditional casting me-thod and powder metallurgy method.As well as the additive manufacturing technology,some coatings'preparation methods,for example,cold spraying,hot spray and some other methods,which have been developed in recent years,were introduced as important points.At the same time,referring to the key question of reaction control between Fe and Al in coatings,this paper focused on how to predict the sequence of the synthesis reaction of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds,which were generated in the original position of the interface reaction of Fe-Al coatings and proposed two prediction methods—phase diagram method and enthalpy change calculation method.Among them,the phase diagram can only represents the phase distribution in the heat balance state,and each phase region barely represents final products that are obtained under specific temperature and composition,thus the dynamic process of the occurrence of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds cannot be judged.Therefore,this paper calculated the enthalpy change value from the perspective of thermodynamics,combined with Kirchhoff formula,calculated,and plotted the enthalpy-temperature curve of common Fe-Al intermetallic compounds,and analyzed the reaction sequence of Fe-Al intermetallic compounds.The theoretical and experimental results of the enthalpy calculation method were highly compatible,thus could modify the phase diagram method,which is of great significance for the prepar

关 键 词：铁铝金属间化合物 铁铝涂层 界面反应 焓变值计算法 

分 类 号：TG113.12[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]