春玉米种植区一年两季鲜食玉米生长及温度利用效率的比较  

Comparison of Growth and Temperature Utilization Efficiency of Fresh Corn Twice a Year in Spring Corn Planting Area

作　　者：俞新华 熊阔 张凯旋 武敏桦 武佳颖 黄智鸿 赵海超 卢海博 YU Xin-hua;XIONG Kuo;ZHANG Kai-xuan;WU Min-hua;WU Jia-ying;HUANG Zhi-hong;ZHAO Hai-chao;LU Hai-bo(Hebei North University/Hebei Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety Analysis and Detection of Agricultural Products,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院/河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第5期29-32,49,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系项目(HBCT2018020203);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010092005)。

摘　　要：为提高春玉米种植区温度利用效率以及鲜食玉米的经济效益,以早熟鲜食糯玉米品种万粘3号为试材进行了一年两季栽培,对不同季的鲜食玉米生育期、叶绿素相对含量、温度利用效率、产量及其构成因素等进行了比较。结果表明:第1季鲜食玉米的生育期为78 d,较第2季(75 d)长3 d;所需有效积温为1075.4℃,较第2季(1104.6℃)少29.2℃;温度利用效率为8.77 kg/(hm^(2)·℃),叶片SPAD值(45.83-65.37)平均为57.17,单叶面积(451.38-814.16 cm)^(2)平均为679.00 cm^(2),鲜穗产量为9427.60 kg/hm^(2),指标值分别较第2季提高了7.34%、30.61%、73.59%和4.41%。张家口地区一年两季种植鲜食玉米时,第1季在4月8日地膜全覆盖播种,第2季在7月13日顶茬播种,可以实现一年两季正常成熟。In order to improve the temperature utilization efficiency and the economic benefit of fresh corn in spring corn planting area,the early maturing fresh waxy corn variety Wannian No.3 was cultivated twice a year.The growth period,relative chlorophyll content,temperature utilization efficiency,yield and its components of fresh corn in different seasons were compared.The results showed that the growth period of fresh corn in the first season was 78 days,which was 3 days longer than that in the second season(75 days).The required effective accumulated temperature was 1075.4℃ ,29.2℃ less than that in the second season(1104.6℃ ).The temperature utilization efficiency was 8.77 kg/(hm·2℃ ),the average leaf SPAD value(45.83-65.37)was 57.17,the average single leaf area(451.38-814.16 cm2)was 679.00 cm2,the fresh ear yield was 9427.60 kg/hm2,and the index values increased by 7.34%,30.61%,73.59%and 4.41%respectively.When fresh corn is planted in Zhangjiakou twice a year,the first season is sown with full mulching on April 8th and the second season is sown with top crop on July 13th,which can normally mature twice a year.

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 一年两季栽培 生育期 温度利用效率 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]