北方稻区水稻节水灌溉下氮肥减施潜力展望  

Prospect of Nitrogen Reduction Potential with Water-saving Irrigation in Northern Rice Area

作　　者：邢素丽[1] 邹拓 贾良良[1] 杨云马[1] 杨军芳[1] 黄少辉[1] 杨文方 XING Su-li;ZOU Tuo;JIA Liang-liang;YANG Yun-ma;YANG Jun-fang;HUANG Shao-hui;YANG Wen-fang(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Institute of Coastal Agriculture,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Tangshan 301501,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北石家庄050051 [2]河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所,河北唐山301501

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第5期59-63,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200200)。

摘　　要：针对北方稻区水稻生产中存在的水资源短缺与氮肥过量施用问题,分析了节水控灌和适量氮肥供应对水稻生长发育、养分吸收和产量等的影响,以及目前北方稻区土壤养分含量、灌溉方式和施氮量以及不同生育期施氮比例等共性问题。现阶段北方稻区水稻的平均优化施氮量为141.15 kg/hm^(2),其中基肥和3次追肥的施氮量比例分别为38.2%、30.8%、20.2%和10.8%,较农民习惯施氮量减施氮肥29.1%,提高水稻产量8.26%。并提出北方稻区以节水灌溉为核心的氮肥管理技术研究方向。In view of the shortage of water resources and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in rice production in northern rice area,the effects of water-saving and controlled irrigation and appropriate nitrogen supply on rice growth and development,nutrient absorption and yield,as well as the common problems such as soil nutrient content,irrigation mode,nitrogen application rate and nitrogen application ratio at different growth stages in northern rice area were analyzed.At present,the average optimized nitrogen application rate of rice in northern rice area was 141.15 kg/hm2,in which the proportion of base fertilizer and three times of topdressing was 38.2%,30.8%,20.2%and 10.8%respectively.The nitrogen application rate reduced by 29.1%than farmers’conventional nitrogen application rate,and the yield of rice increased by 8.26%.The research direction of nitrogen management technology with water-saving irrigation as the core in northern rice area was put forward.The research direction of nitrogen management technology with water-saving irrigation as the core in northern rice area was put forward.

关 键 词：水稻 水氮互作 节水灌溉 氮肥减施 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S275.6