叶面喷施蚯蚓复合液对小麦产量和品质的影响  

Effcts of Earthworm Compound Solution on Yield and Quality of Wheat

作　　者：吴慧 孔佑兵 张小强 李国生 WU Hui;KONG You-bing;ZHANG Xiao-qiang;LI Guo-sheng(University of Yangzhou,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第5期68-71,100,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20131225);江苏省农业三项工程项目(SXGC2013125)。

摘　　要：为改善小麦生育后期子粒灌浆质量和种子性能,以中筋小麦品种扬麦21为试材,在小麦盛花期后进行叶面喷施蚯蚓复合液和不喷(CK)处理,成熟期分别选择代表性样株,测定对小麦子粒性状、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:喷施蚯蚓复合液可以有效改善小麦穗粒结构,抑制弱势粒发育,使穗粒数减少2.92%,穗粒重、千粒重和产量分别提高12.62%、18.75%和15.09%且与CK差异均达到了显著水平;子粒淀粉含量略有提高,沉降值较CK变化不大,水分、蛋白质和湿面筋含量分别降低1.5百分点、1.6百分点和4.6百分点且与CK差异均达到了显著水平。在小麦盛花期后叶面喷施蚯蚓复合液可以有效促进灌浆物质快速输送和将有限养分输向优势粒,明显提高小麦产量,且在一定程度上改善小麦的种子性能,但会导致子粒品质明显降低。In order to improve the grain filling quality and seed performance at late growth stage of wheat,the medium gluten wheat variety Yangmai 21 was used as the test material,the leaves were sprayed with earthworm compound solution after full flowering stage,taking no spraying as the control(CK),the representative sample plants were selected at maturity stage to determine the effects on the grain properties,yield and quality of wheat.The results showed that the earthworm compound solution could effectively improve the spike grain structure,inhibit the development of weak grains,reduce the number of grains per spike by 2.92%,and increase the spike grain weight,1000 grain weight and yield by 12.62%,18.75%and 15.09%respectively,which was significantly different from CK.The starch content of grain increased slightly,and the sedimentation value changed little compared with CK.The contents of water,protein and wet gluten decreased by 1.5%,1.6%and 4.6%respectively,and the difference with CK reached a significant level.Spraying earthworm compound solution on the leaves after full flowering stage of wheat can effectively promote the rapid transportation of grain filling materials and transport limited nutrients to the dominant grains,significantly increase the yield and improve the seed performance of wheat to a certain extent,but it will significantly reduce the grain quality.

关 键 词：小麦 蚯蚓复合液 子粒发育 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S365