mtDNA条形码在鹦形目物种鉴定中的应用及评估  

Application and Evaluation of mt DNA Barcode in the Species Identification of Psittaciformes

作　　者：陈云霞[1,2,3] 黄娅琳 周用武[1,2,3] 侯森林[1,2,3] 苗闯[1] Chen Yunxia;Huang Yalin;Zhou Yongwu;Hou Senlin;Miao Chuang(Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing,210023;Forest Police Forensic Center of State Forestry Administration,Nanjing,210023;Key Laboratory of State Forest and Grassland Administration on Wildlife Evidence Technology,Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院,南京210023 [2]国家林业局森林公安司法鉴定中心,南京210023 [3]野生动植物物证技术国家林业和草原局重点实验室,南京森林警察学院,南京210023

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2021年第4期1567-1573,共7页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(LGZD201908);江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队“打击生态环境犯罪物证技术”项目;“十三五”江苏省重点建设学科“公安技术”项目共同资助。

摘　　要：鹦鹉是具有超凡魅力的鸟类,其羽毛和学习能力使它们成为备受追捧的宠物。近年来,大量的非法贸易对鹦鹉原生种群的生存造成了严重威胁。为了减少贩运活禽的运输困难,走私者经常选择鸟蛋来运输,这也给物种的形态学鉴定带来了困难。本研究以北京海关缉私局查获的97枚鹦鹉蛋为材料,探讨了基于线粒体基因Cyt b,CO I,12S rRNA和16S rRNA四种条形码的鹦鹉物种识别率,根据现有的参考数据库,81%的鹦鹉蛋能鉴定到物种水平,19%的蛋只能鉴定到科或属的水平。本研究同时对GenBank中鹦形目现有的线粒体基因条形码序列及其全基因组数据进行了全面统计与分析,发现目前GenBank中只有77.33%的物种具有线粒体基因Cyt b,CO I,12S rRNA和16S rRNA的相关序列信息,参考数据库中mtDNA序列的缺失,为其物种的准确识别造成了很大阻碍。本研究以期通过对参考数据库中鹦形目鸟类mtDNA条形码的统计与评估,为相关执法部门以及检验鉴定机构提供一定参考。Parrots are charismatic birds, their plumage and capacity for learning make them highly sought-after pets. In recent years, the illegal trade in parrots has posed a serious threat to the viability of native populations. To reduce the logistical difficulties associated with trafficking live birds, smugglers often transport eggs. This creates a problem in elucidating accurate species identification. Based on the 97 parrot eggs seized by the Beijing Customs Anti-smuggling Bureau, this study explored the parrot species identification rate based on the four barcodes of mitochondrial genes Cyt b, COⅠ, 12 S rRNA and 16 S rRNA. According to the existing reference database, 81% of the parrot eggs can be identified to the species level, and the remaining 19% of the eggs can only be identified to the level of the family or genus. In this study, the existing mitochondrial gene barcodes and their mitochondrial genome of Psittaciformes were fully statistically analyzed. The result showed that there are 77.33% species of Psittaciformes had mitochondrial genes Cyt b, COⅠ, 12 S rRNA, 16 S rRNA sequence data in the current database of GenBank. The lack of mtDNA sequences in the reference database posed a major obstacle to the accurate identification of species. This study aimed to provide a reference for relevant law enforcement agencies and identification agencies by counting and evaluating the mtDNA barcodes of the parrots in the reference database.

关 键 词：鹦形目 鹦鹉蛋 MTDNA 条形码 物种识别 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]