农村土地产权制度改革的绩效及进一步变迁的路径选择  

The performance of rural land property right system reform and the path choice of further change

作　　者：王丁 刘叶 WANG Ding;LIU Ye(School of Business HUEB,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050061,China;School of Public Administration HUEB,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学商学院,河北石家庄050061 [2]河北经贸大学公共管理学院,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《未来与发展》2021年第11期29-35,共7页Future and Development

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金青年项目(HB18SH010);河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(SQ191086);河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C201874)。

摘　　要：中国改革从农村土地产权制度开始,在此基础上形成的双层经营体制成为支撑中国农村改革和发展的基础性制度安排。此后的改革都是围绕着这一制度、适应这一制度、发展这一制度的阶段性成果。然而,随着工业化、城市化的加速进行,土地的稀缺性在加剧,人与土地的相对价格发生了不利于农耕使用者的变化,使农村成为全面建成小康社会进程中的短板。因此,十八大以来围绕着土地产权制度改革出台了一系列制度和相关配套政策,使改革的目标和路径逐步清晰。但由于认知局限和实践中的利益固化,致使目前的农村土地产权制度改革在进程上处于踌躇不前的状态。面对这种均衡状态,改革的路径选择应该是以宅基地制度改革为突破口。在宅基地的排他权较为充分和起点较为公平的初始状态下,扩大转让权范围,提升收益权权益,做实抵押权就能打破制度均衡状态,推进制度进一步变迁。China's reform began with the rural land property rights system,and the two-tier management system formed on this basis became the basic institutional arrangement to support China's rural reform and development.Since then,the reform which is centered around the system,adapt to the system and developed the system,has achieved initial results.However,with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,the scarcity of land is intensifying,and the relative price of people and land has changed to the detriment of agricultural users,making the countryside a weak spot in the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Therefore,since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,a series of systems and related supporting policies have been issued around the reform of land property right system,making the goal and path of reform gradually clear.But due to the limitation of cognition and the solidification of interests in practice,the current reform of rural land property right system is in a state of hesitation.Facing this equilibrium state,the path choice of reform should take the homestead system reform as the breakthrough point.In the initial state when the exclusive right of homestead is relatively sufficient and the starting point is fair,expanding the scope of transfer right,enhancing the interest of usufruct,and making real mortgage can break the equilibrium state of system and promote the further change of system.

关 键 词：农村土地 产权制度 宅基地使用权 路径选择 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]