EMS诱变创制小麦叶锈病菌致病性变异菌株  

Creation of Pathogenic Mutant Strains of Puccinia triticina by EMS Mutation

作　　者：韦杰 周宗悦 齐悦 张娜[1] 孟庆芳[1] 杨文香[1] WEI Jie;ZHOU Zong-Yue;QI Yue;ZHANG Na;MENG Qing-Fang;YANG Wen-Xiang(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University/Technological Innovation Centre for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province/National Research Center of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Northern Mountain Area,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院/河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心/国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,保定071001

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2021年第11期2259-2266,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(301571956,301871915)。

摘　　要：小麦叶锈病是小麦(Triticum aestivum)的主要病害之一,创建小麦叶锈菌(Puccinia triticina,Pt)的单碱基突变体对于毒性基因及致病机制的研究具有重要意义。为此,本研究以甲基磺酸乙酯(ethyl methyl sulfonate,EMS)为诱变剂,筛选小麦叶锈菌突变菌株。结果发现,以0.04 mol/L的EMS处理小麦叶锈菌夏孢子8 min可以抑制夏孢子萌发,抑制率达到83.69%。采用该方法对小麦叶锈菌2008-5-9-2(KHHT)、2013-5-72-1(THSN)、2013-5-28-1(JHKT)和2017-8-1465(PHST)进行EMS诱变,经过处理的20个菌株中,19株遗传稳定的菌株致病表型发生改变,突变率达到95%。用18个小麦抗叶锈病近等基因系检测突变菌株的侵染型,发现突变菌株在15个小麦抗叶锈病近等基因系上的侵染型发生改变,其中获得了对小麦抗叶锈基因24(leaf rust resistance gene 24,Lr24)表现高毒的突变菌株Mu2008-5-9-2(2)及对Lr2a、Lr14a、Lr16、Lr17和Lr33表现低毒的突变菌株Mu2013-5-28-1(4)、Mu2008-5-9-2(2)、Mu2008-5-9-2(4)、Mu2008-5-9-2(5)、Mu2013-5-28-1(3)、Mu2013-5-28-1(6)、Mu2013-5-28-1(1)和Mu2013-5-28-1(2)。本研究为今后开展小麦叶锈菌突变位点的分析及对Lr24、Lr2a、Lr14a、Lr16、Lr17和Lr33对应无毒基因的研究提供基础材料。Wheat leaf rust is one of the most serious diseases of wheat(Triticum aestivum).It is of great significance to create single-base mutants of Puccinia triticina(Pt)for the study on virulence genes and pathogenic mechanisms.Therefore,ethyl methyl sulfonate(EMS)was used to mutate the Pt.It was effective to inhibit the germination of Pt urediniospore by treating with 0.04 mol/L EMS for 8 min,and the inhibition rate reached 83.69%.Nineteen mutant isolates of 2008-5-9-2(KHHT),2013-5-72-1(THSN),2013-5-28-1(JHKT)and 2017-8-1465(PHST)induced by EMS were obtained,and the mutant rate was 95%.The infection types of the mutant strains were detected on 18 wheat leaf rust resistance near-isogenic lines(cultivars).It was found that the infection types of the mutants changed on 15 near-isogenic lines.Strain Mu2008-5-9-2(2)was virulent to leaf rust resistance gene 24(Lr24)and strains Mu2013-5-28-1(4),Mu2008-5-9-2(2),Mu2008-5-9-2(4),Mu2008-5-9-2(5),Mu2013-5-28-1(3),Mu2013-5-28-1(6),Mu2013-5-28-1(7),Mu2013-5-28-1(1)and Mu2013-5-28-1(2)were avirulent to Lr2 a,Lr14 a,Lr16,Lr17 and Lr33.The results provide basic materials for the analysis of mutant loci in leaf rust and the cloning of avriulence gene of Lr24,Lr2 a,Lr14 a,Lr16,Lr17 and Lr33 in future.

关 键 词：小麦叶锈菌 化学诱变 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 毒性变异 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]